Fe-porphyrin-derived carbon nanofiber-based nanozymes: enhanced peroxidase-like activity for ultrasensitive glucose and ascorbic acid sensing†

Abstract

The development of efficient nanozymes for biomedical applications has garnered significant attention due to their exceptional stability and ease of storage, offering a compelling alternative to natural enzymes, which are often costly and functionally limited. In this study, we report the fabrication of Fe-porphyrin-derived carbon nanofibers (Fe-P/CNFs) as a nanozyme. These nanofibers exhibit a uniform one-dimensional morphology and demonstrate excellent catalytic performance in the oxidation of peroxidase substrates. Leveraging this enhanced peroxidase-like activity, we developed a highly sensitive colorimetric sensor for glucose detection, achieving a detection limit of 2.55 μM within a linear range of 0–200 μM. Additionally, Fe-P/CNFs exhibit robust performance as an ascorbic acid sensor, with a detection limit of 0.17 μM. These findings underscore the promise of Fe-P/CNFs as versatile and efficient nanozymes, making them strong candidates for practical applications in biosensing and clinical diagnostics.