Optimal green ammonia system design for minimum levelized costs in Southern Argentina

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.317

Ignacio Schmidhalter , Miguel C. Mussati , Sergio F. Mussati , Marian G. Marcovecchio , Pio A. Aguirre

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Abstract

This paper presents a mathematical model for the optimal design of green ammonia production systems in Argentina, specifically in Patagonia and Buenos Aires Province. The objective is to minimize the levelized cost of ammonia (LCOA) while meeting delivery constraints. The location of the renewable energy farm has a significant impact on the optimal system sizing and the LCOA. For the locations under analysis, the optimal farm-to-electrolyzer peak power ratio varies between 1.3 and 2.3, with the LCOA ranging from 562 to 696 USD/t NH₃. Comparative analysis of constant nominal efficiencies and variable real efficiencies in the electrolyzer and Haber-Bosch (HB) processes reveals the emergence of different design configurations, with a potential discrepancy of up to 15 % in power ratio, 80 % in H₂ storage capacity, and 10 % in LCOA. An increase in the HB turn-down ratio from 40 % to 80 % has a significant impact on optimal design, influencing the power ratio, storage of hydrogen, nitrogen, and ammonia, as well as the LCOA, by 11 %, 760 %, 180 %, 14 %, and 7 %, respectively. Systems designed for constant nominal efficiency may experience frequent HB shutdowns when operating at real variable efficiencies. Delivery constraints showed limited impacts.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 工程技术-环境科学

CiteScore

13.50

自引率

25.00%

发文量

3502

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： The objective of the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is to facilitate the exchange of new ideas, technological advancements, and research findings in the field of Hydrogen Energy among scientists and engineers worldwide. This journal showcases original research, both analytical and experimental, covering various aspects of Hydrogen Energy. These include production, storage, transmission, utilization, enabling technologies, environmental impact, economic considerations, and global perspectives on hydrogen and its carriers such as NH3, CH4, alcohols, etc. The utilization aspect encompasses various methods such as thermochemical (combustion), photochemical, electrochemical (fuel cells), and nuclear conversion of hydrogen, hydrogen isotopes, and hydrogen carriers into thermal, mechanical, and electrical energies. The applications of these energies can be found in transportation (including aerospace), industrial, commercial, and residential sectors.