Source characteristics of non-refractory particulate matter (NR-PM1) using high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometric (HR-ToF-AMS) measurements in the urban industrial city in India

IF 4.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Akash S. Vispute , Prodip Acharja , Suresh W. Gosavi , Gaurav Govardhan , Vinayak Ruge , M.N. Patil , T. Dharmaraj , Sachin D. Ghude
{"title":"Source characteristics of non-refractory particulate matter (NR-PM1) using high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometric (HR-ToF-AMS) measurements in the urban industrial city in India","authors":"Akash S. Vispute ,&nbsp;Prodip Acharja ,&nbsp;Suresh W. Gosavi ,&nbsp;Gaurav Govardhan ,&nbsp;Vinayak Ruge ,&nbsp;M.N. Patil ,&nbsp;T. Dharmaraj ,&nbsp;Sachin D. Ghude","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121186","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the source characteristics of submicron non-refractory particulate matter (NR-PM<sub>1</sub>) over a highly growing urban industrial city near the western coast of India. Using a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), we conducted continuous measurements from June 2020 to May 2021, capturing seasonal variations in aerosol composition. The annual average NR-PM<sub>1</sub> concentration was 16.4 ± 15.4 μg m<sup>−3</sup>, with substantially higher concentrations observed during winter (33.3 ± 22.2 μg m<sup>−3</sup>). Chemical analysis revealed distinct contributions of organic aerosols (OA), nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>), sulfate (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>), ammonium (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>), and chloride (Cl<sup>−</sup>) to NR-PM<sub>1</sub>. Organic aerosol consistently contained the most significant fraction of NR-PM<sub>1</sub> (49–67 % seasonally). Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) resolved four distinct OA sources: traffic-related hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), biomass-burning OA (BBOA), and two oxygenated OA factors (Semi-Volatile Oxygenated OA (SVOOA) and Low-Volatile Oxygenated OA (LV-OOA)). Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) was a large OA fraction, with LVOOA being most abundant in winter and post-monsoon, while SV-OOA was higher in monsoon and summer, suggesting photochemical and potentially aqueous-phase formation. Seasonal changes were also observed in OA elemental composition (O/C: 0.67–0.74; H/C: 1.53–1.61; OM/OC: 2.07–2.16) and carbon oxidation state (OSc: 0.25 in monsoon/winter to −0.06 in summer), further supporting the influence of photochemical processes. Size distribution analysis indicated that aerosols were predominantly in the accumulation mode (300–800 nm), suggesting aged and internally mixed aerosol particles. Back trajectory and Concentration Weighted Trajectory (CWT) analyses indicated varied regional influences on PM<sub>1</sub> source characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121186"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Atmospheric Environment","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S135223102500161X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study investigated the source characteristics of submicron non-refractory particulate matter (NR-PM1) over a highly growing urban industrial city near the western coast of India. Using a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), we conducted continuous measurements from June 2020 to May 2021, capturing seasonal variations in aerosol composition. The annual average NR-PM1 concentration was 16.4 ± 15.4 μg m−3, with substantially higher concentrations observed during winter (33.3 ± 22.2 μg m−3). Chemical analysis revealed distinct contributions of organic aerosols (OA), nitrate (NO3), sulfate (SO42−), ammonium (NH4+), and chloride (Cl) to NR-PM1. Organic aerosol consistently contained the most significant fraction of NR-PM1 (49–67 % seasonally). Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) resolved four distinct OA sources: traffic-related hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), biomass-burning OA (BBOA), and two oxygenated OA factors (Semi-Volatile Oxygenated OA (SVOOA) and Low-Volatile Oxygenated OA (LV-OOA)). Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) was a large OA fraction, with LVOOA being most abundant in winter and post-monsoon, while SV-OOA was higher in monsoon and summer, suggesting photochemical and potentially aqueous-phase formation. Seasonal changes were also observed in OA elemental composition (O/C: 0.67–0.74; H/C: 1.53–1.61; OM/OC: 2.07–2.16) and carbon oxidation state (OSc: 0.25 in monsoon/winter to −0.06 in summer), further supporting the influence of photochemical processes. Size distribution analysis indicated that aerosols were predominantly in the accumulation mode (300–800 nm), suggesting aged and internally mixed aerosol particles. Back trajectory and Concentration Weighted Trajectory (CWT) analyses indicated varied regional influences on PM1 source characteristics.

Abstract Image

求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Atmospheric Environment
Atmospheric Environment 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
8.00%
发文量
458
审稿时长
53 days
期刊介绍: Atmospheric Environment has an open access mirror journal Atmospheric Environment: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. Atmospheric Environment is the international journal for scientists in different disciplines related to atmospheric composition and its impacts. The journal publishes scientific articles with atmospheric relevance of emissions and depositions of gaseous and particulate compounds, chemical processes and physical effects in the atmosphere, as well as impacts of the changing atmospheric composition on human health, air quality, climate change, and ecosystems.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信