Synthesis, characterization, DFT, HOMO-LUMO, MEP analysis, and in-silico docking studies of piperidine derivatives

Abstract

An eco-friendly and efficient approach for synthesizing N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,6-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxopiperidine-3-carboxamide involves the condensation of 4-chloroacetoacetanilide with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, utilizing ammonium formate as a catalyst. This method not only improves reaction efficiency but also reduces environmental impact by employing a safer catalyst. The structure of the resulting compound was extensively characterized through various spectral techniques. Fourier Transform Infrared (IR) spectroscopy identified key functional groups via distinct absorption bands, while both ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy provided comprehensive details about the hydrogen and carbon environments, confirming the molecular structure and positions of substituents. Elemental analysis further ensured the compound's purity and composition. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations were performed to study its electronic characteristics and reactivity. DFT calculations provide information about molecular shape, electronic distribution, and stability. Additionally, molecular docking studies assessed the compound's potential interactions with biological targets, highlighting its binding affinity and possible therapeutic uses.