Muhammad Jawad Akbar Awan , Muhammad Awais Farooq , Muhammad Ismail Buzdar , Asma Zia , Aiman Ehsan , Muhammad Abu Bakar Waqas , Goetz Hensel , Imran Amin , Shahid Mansoor
{"title":"Advances in gene editing-led route for hybrid breeding in crops","authors":"Muhammad Jawad Akbar Awan , Muhammad Awais Farooq , Muhammad Ismail Buzdar , Asma Zia , Aiman Ehsan , Muhammad Abu Bakar Waqas , Goetz Hensel , Imran Amin , Shahid Mansoor","doi":"10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108569","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the global demand for sustainable agriculture on the rise, RNA-guided nuclease technology offers transformative applications in crop breeding. Traditional hybrid breeding methods, like three-line and two-line systems, are often labor-intensive, transgenic, and economically burdensome. While chemical mutagens facilitate these systems, they not only generate weak alleles but also produce strong alleles that induce permanent sterility through random mutagenesis. In contrast, RNA-guided nuclease system, such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)- associated protein (Cas) system, facilitates more efficient hybrid production by inducing male sterility through targeted genome modifications in male sterility genes, such as <em>MS8</em>, <em>MS10</em>, <em>MS26</em>, and <em>MS45</em> which allows precise manipulation of pollen development or pollen abortion in various crops. Moreover, this approach allows haploid induction for the rapid generation of recombinant and homozygous lines from hybrid parents by editing essential genes, like <em>CENH3</em>, <em>MTL</em>/<em>NLD</em>/<em>PLA</em>, and <em>DMP</em>, resulting in high-yield, transgene-free hybrids. Additionally, this system supports synthetic apomixis induction by employing the <em>MiMe</em> (<em>Mitosis instead of Meiosis</em>) strategy, coupled with parthenogenesis in hybrid plants, to create heterozygous lines and retain hybrid vigor in subsequent generations. RNA-guided nuclease-induced synthetic apomixis also enables genome stacking for autopolyploid progressive heterosis <em>via</em> clonal gamete production for trait maintenance to enhance crop adaptability without compromising yield. Additionally, CRISPR-Cas-mediated <em>de novo</em> domestication of wild relatives, along with recent advances to circumvent tissue culture- recalcitrance and -dependency through heterologous expression of morphogenic regulators, holds great promise for incorporating diversity-enriched germplasm into the breeding programs. These approaches aim to generate elite hybrids adapted to dynamic environments and address the anticipated challenges of food insecurity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8946,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology advances","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 108569"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biotechnology advances","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0734975025000552","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
With the global demand for sustainable agriculture on the rise, RNA-guided nuclease technology offers transformative applications in crop breeding. Traditional hybrid breeding methods, like three-line and two-line systems, are often labor-intensive, transgenic, and economically burdensome. While chemical mutagens facilitate these systems, they not only generate weak alleles but also produce strong alleles that induce permanent sterility through random mutagenesis. In contrast, RNA-guided nuclease system, such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)- associated protein (Cas) system, facilitates more efficient hybrid production by inducing male sterility through targeted genome modifications in male sterility genes, such as MS8, MS10, MS26, and MS45 which allows precise manipulation of pollen development or pollen abortion in various crops. Moreover, this approach allows haploid induction for the rapid generation of recombinant and homozygous lines from hybrid parents by editing essential genes, like CENH3, MTL/NLD/PLA, and DMP, resulting in high-yield, transgene-free hybrids. Additionally, this system supports synthetic apomixis induction by employing the MiMe (Mitosis instead of Meiosis) strategy, coupled with parthenogenesis in hybrid plants, to create heterozygous lines and retain hybrid vigor in subsequent generations. RNA-guided nuclease-induced synthetic apomixis also enables genome stacking for autopolyploid progressive heterosis via clonal gamete production for trait maintenance to enhance crop adaptability without compromising yield. Additionally, CRISPR-Cas-mediated de novo domestication of wild relatives, along with recent advances to circumvent tissue culture- recalcitrance and -dependency through heterologous expression of morphogenic regulators, holds great promise for incorporating diversity-enriched germplasm into the breeding programs. These approaches aim to generate elite hybrids adapted to dynamic environments and address the anticipated challenges of food insecurity.
期刊介绍:
Biotechnology Advances is a comprehensive review journal that covers all aspects of the multidisciplinary field of biotechnology. The journal focuses on biotechnology principles and their applications in various industries, agriculture, medicine, environmental concerns, and regulatory issues. It publishes authoritative articles that highlight current developments and future trends in the field of biotechnology. The journal invites submissions of manuscripts that are relevant and appropriate. It targets a wide audience, including scientists, engineers, students, instructors, researchers, practitioners, managers, governments, and other stakeholders in the field. Additionally, special issues are published based on selected presentations from recent relevant conferences in collaboration with the organizations hosting those conferences.