Effects of charge carriers on elastic waves in piezoelectric semiconductors

IF 7.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL
Wanli Yang , Songliang Zhang , Lingyun Guo, Yuantai Hu
{"title":"Effects of charge carriers on elastic waves in piezoelectric semiconductors","authors":"Wanli Yang ,&nbsp;Songliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Lingyun Guo,&nbsp;Yuantai Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110180","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The performance of piezotronic devices is primarily governed by the interaction between elastic waves and charge carriers. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of this interaction in piezoelectric semiconductors is crucial for the research and development of piezotronic devices. Unlike in purely elastic or piezoelectric media, an elastic wave propagating in a piezoelectric semiconductor involves two interdependent physical processes: the evolution process of thermodynamic state, and the vibration state of elastic wave-front. The former is from the evolution of carrier behavior and the latter is related to the dynamic characteristics of polarization electric field. The mutual competition between two dynamic processes stimulates the interaction between electric field and charge carriers, i.e., appearing a field-particle coupling wave (FPCW). This coupling wave is useful in remaking elastic wave-front characteristics to develop new acoustoelectric devices or to prompt performance of piezoelectric semiconductor devices. Thus, a multi-field coupling dynamic model is established to analyze the relationship between polarized electric field and charge carriers at the elastic wave-front. Furthermore, the distinct coupling mechanisms of these processes at varying vibration frequencies are examined. It is found that a vibration state of an elastic wave-front was altered by the corresponding thermodynamic state most severely at a low-frequency situation, significantly at a medium-frequency one and almost none at a high-frequency one. Correspondingly, a FPCW becomes most pronounced due to strong competition between two dynamic processes in a medium-frequency situation, and very weak in the other two ones. Furthermore, it is revealed in the paper that the nonlinear behavior in drift current is to transfer energy to higher order vibration modes instead of being consumed as claimed from the harmonic analysis technique. These findings are of great significance for designing passive delay line filters, amplifiers, and circulators, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110180"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020740325002668","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

The performance of piezotronic devices is primarily governed by the interaction between elastic waves and charge carriers. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of this interaction in piezoelectric semiconductors is crucial for the research and development of piezotronic devices. Unlike in purely elastic or piezoelectric media, an elastic wave propagating in a piezoelectric semiconductor involves two interdependent physical processes: the evolution process of thermodynamic state, and the vibration state of elastic wave-front. The former is from the evolution of carrier behavior and the latter is related to the dynamic characteristics of polarization electric field. The mutual competition between two dynamic processes stimulates the interaction between electric field and charge carriers, i.e., appearing a field-particle coupling wave (FPCW). This coupling wave is useful in remaking elastic wave-front characteristics to develop new acoustoelectric devices or to prompt performance of piezoelectric semiconductor devices. Thus, a multi-field coupling dynamic model is established to analyze the relationship between polarized electric field and charge carriers at the elastic wave-front. Furthermore, the distinct coupling mechanisms of these processes at varying vibration frequencies are examined. It is found that a vibration state of an elastic wave-front was altered by the corresponding thermodynamic state most severely at a low-frequency situation, significantly at a medium-frequency one and almost none at a high-frequency one. Correspondingly, a FPCW becomes most pronounced due to strong competition between two dynamic processes in a medium-frequency situation, and very weak in the other two ones. Furthermore, it is revealed in the paper that the nonlinear behavior in drift current is to transfer energy to higher order vibration modes instead of being consumed as claimed from the harmonic analysis technique. These findings are of great significance for designing passive delay line filters, amplifiers, and circulators, etc.

Abstract Image

压电半导体中载流子对弹性波的影响
压电器件的性能主要取决于弹性波与载流子之间的相互作用。因此,了解压电半导体中这种相互作用的潜在机制对于压电器件的研究和发展至关重要。与纯弹性介质或压电介质不同,弹性波在压电半导体中的传播涉及两个相互依存的物理过程:热力学状态的演化过程和弹性波前的振动状态。前者来自载流子行为的演变,后者与极化电场的动态特性有关。两个动态过程之间的相互竞争刺激了电场与载流子之间的相互作用,即产生场-粒子耦合波(FPCW)。这种耦合波有助于重塑弹性波前特性,开发新的声电器件或提高压电半导体器件的性能。为此,建立了多场耦合动力学模型,分析了弹性波前极化电场与载流子的关系。此外,研究了不同振动频率下这些过程的不同耦合机制。研究发现,弹性波前的振动状态在低频时受到相应热力学状态的影响最为严重,在中频时影响显著,而在高频时几乎没有变化。相应的,在中频情况下,由于两个动态过程之间的激烈竞争,FPCW变得最明显,而在其他两个动态过程中,FPCW变得很弱。此外,本文还揭示了漂移电流的非线性行为是将能量转移到高阶振动模式,而不是像谐波分析技术所宣称的那样消耗能量。这些发现对于设计无源延迟线滤波器、放大器和环行器等具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 工程技术-工程:机械
CiteScore
12.80
自引率
17.80%
发文量
769
审稿时长
19 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Mechanical Sciences (IJMS) serves as a global platform for the publication and dissemination of original research that contributes to a deeper scientific understanding of the fundamental disciplines within mechanical, civil, and material engineering. The primary focus of IJMS is to showcase innovative and ground-breaking work that utilizes analytical and computational modeling techniques, such as Finite Element Method (FEM), Boundary Element Method (BEM), and mesh-free methods, among others. These modeling methods are applied to diverse fields including rigid-body mechanics (e.g., dynamics, vibration, stability), structural mechanics, metal forming, advanced materials (e.g., metals, composites, cellular, smart) behavior and applications, impact mechanics, strain localization, and other nonlinear effects (e.g., large deflections, plasticity, fracture). Additionally, IJMS covers the realms of fluid mechanics (both external and internal flows), tribology, thermodynamics, and materials processing. These subjects collectively form the core of the journal's content. In summary, IJMS provides a prestigious platform for researchers to present their original contributions, shedding light on analytical and computational modeling methods in various areas of mechanical engineering, as well as exploring the behavior and application of advanced materials, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and materials processing.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信