{"title":"Comparison of Heavy Metal and Trace Element Levels in Inferior Nasal Concha of People Living in Rural and Urban Regions.","authors":"Fatih Öner, Nezahat Kurt, Harun Üçüncü","doi":"10.4274/tao.2024.2024-9-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Heavy metal exposure has recently become a problem due to the increasing environmental pollution as urbanization expands. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted to compare levels of heavy metals in the nasal concha of the patients living in urban and rural who underwent partial inferior concha resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-seven patients were divided into two groups: 38 rural patients and 29 urban patients. Partial inferior turbinate resection was performed in these patients with turbinate hypertrophy, and these tissues were examined for heavy metal levels. Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) levels were measured in inferior nasal concha by inductively coupled plasma- optical emission spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The levels of Cu (0.24±0.048 vs. 0.06±0.019 μg/g) and Zn (3.29±0.69 vs. 0.44±0.14 μg/g) of the rural patients were significantly higher compared to urban patients (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the Cd level between groups. Pb (0.024±0.009 vs. 0.008±0.0002 μg/g) and Mn (0.273±0.01 vs. 0.174±0.05 μg/g) levels of urban patients were significantly higher than rural patients (p<0.001). Significance was considered at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Heavy metals accumulate in the nasal concha at different rates in rural and urban areas. In pathologies with unclear pathophysiology and potential for heavy metal accumulation, such as air pollution, it may be helpful to indicate the presence of heavy metals in the nasal turbinate's and measure their amounts for diagnostic purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":44240,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"62 4","pages":"161-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977023/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Turkish Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4274/tao.2024.2024-9-4","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: Heavy metal exposure has recently become a problem due to the increasing environmental pollution as urbanization expands. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted to compare levels of heavy metals in the nasal concha of the patients living in urban and rural who underwent partial inferior concha resection.
Methods: Sixty-seven patients were divided into two groups: 38 rural patients and 29 urban patients. Partial inferior turbinate resection was performed in these patients with turbinate hypertrophy, and these tissues were examined for heavy metal levels. Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) levels were measured in inferior nasal concha by inductively coupled plasma- optical emission spectrometry.
Results: The levels of Cu (0.24±0.048 vs. 0.06±0.019 μg/g) and Zn (3.29±0.69 vs. 0.44±0.14 μg/g) of the rural patients were significantly higher compared to urban patients (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the Cd level between groups. Pb (0.024±0.009 vs. 0.008±0.0002 μg/g) and Mn (0.273±0.01 vs. 0.174±0.05 μg/g) levels of urban patients were significantly higher than rural patients (p<0.001). Significance was considered at p<0.05.
Conclusion: Heavy metals accumulate in the nasal concha at different rates in rural and urban areas. In pathologies with unclear pathophysiology and potential for heavy metal accumulation, such as air pollution, it may be helpful to indicate the presence of heavy metals in the nasal turbinate's and measure their amounts for diagnostic purposes.
目的:随着城市化的发展,环境污染日益严重,重金属暴露问题日益突出。本前瞻性横断面研究旨在比较城市和农村接受部分下耳甲切除术的患者鼻甲壳中的重金属水平。方法:67例患者分为两组:农村38例,城市29例。对这些鼻甲肥大的患者进行部分下鼻甲切除术,并检查这些组织的重金属水平。采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定下鼻甲中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)和锰(Mn)的含量。结果:农村患者的铜(0.24±0.048 vs. 0.06±0.019 μg)和锌(3.29±0.69 vs. 0.44±0.14 μg)含量显著高于城市患者(p结论:农村和城市地区重金属在鼻甲的积累速率不同)。在病理生理学不明确且可能存在重金属积累的病理中,如空气污染,可能有助于指示鼻甲中重金属的存在并测量其含量以用于诊断目的。