A novel external fixation for treating tibial fractures: a finite element and biomechanical study.

IF 2.8 3区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS
Shen Liu, Xiangdang Liang, Songyang Liu, Zhanshe Guo, Xing Wei, Yonghui Liang
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Abstract

Objective: Design a new type of external fixation device that is small in size, high in strength, and capable of achieving the mechanical requirements for fracture healing. Verify the rationality and effectiveness of the device in treating tibial fractures through finite element analysis and biomechanical comparative tests.

Methods: Finite element simulation was performed on the new external fixation device to treat fractures, to verify whether the mechanical properties of the device meet the requirements of fracture healing. A fracture gap model was created using Sawbones to simulate midshaft tibial comminuted fractures. The experiment was divided into four groups, testing the mechanical characteristics of the new external fixation (NEF), locking compression plate (LCP), the unilateral external fixation (UEF), and the externalized locking compression plate (E-LCP). The axial compression, torsion, fatigue and ultimate load tests were performed separately. Data were collected and statistical analysis was performed to verify whether there were statistical differences between the four groups.

Results: The finite element analysis of NEF demonstrated that the fracture end was displaced by 0.512 mm under 700 N loading, and the maximum stress value of the device was 189 MPa, which met the mechanical requirements. Axial compression tests showed that LCP (2108.596 N/mm) had the highest stiffness, and NEF (519.489 N/mm) had higher stiffness than both UEF (327.153 N/mm) and E-LCP (316.763 N/mm) (p < 0.05), but no significant difference between UEF and E-LCP (p = 0.313). There was a significant difference in mean torsional stiffness among UEF (1.412 N·m/deg), NEF (1.398 N·m/deg), LCP (1.128 N·m/deg), and E-LCP (0.838 N·m/deg). No structural failures occurred during fatigue testing spanning 108,000 cycles. In ultimate load tests, NEF withstood the highest load, followed sequentially by LCP, UEF, and E-LCP. Significant differences were found between the groups (p < 0.05), with frame bending and secondary bone fractures noted in post-test evaluations.

Conclusions: The NEF for tibial fractures is well-designed to meet the fracture healing requirements. It has certain advantages in comparison with other fixation methods and can be used as a new method for the treatment of tibial fractures.

一种治疗胫骨骨折的新型外固定架:有限元和生物力学研究。
目的:设计一种体积小、强度高、能满足骨折愈合力学要求的新型外固定装置。通过有限元分析和生物力学对比试验验证该装置治疗胫骨骨折的合理性和有效性。方法:对新型骨折外固定装置进行有限元模拟,验证该装置的力学性能是否满足骨折愈合的要求。采用Sawbones软件建立骨折间隙模型,模拟胫骨中轴粉碎性骨折。实验分为四组,分别测试新型外固定架(NEF)、锁定加压钢板(LCP)、单侧外固定架(UEF)和外化锁定加压钢板(E-LCP)的力学特性。分别进行轴压、扭转、疲劳和极限载荷试验。收集资料,进行统计分析,验证四组间是否有统计学差异。结果:NEF有限元分析表明,在700 N载荷下,断裂端位移0.512 mm,装置最大应力值为189 MPa,满足力学要求。轴压试验结果显示,LCP (2108.596 N/mm)刚度最高,NEF (519.489 N/mm)刚度高于UEF (327.153 N/mm)和E-LCP (316.763 N/mm) (p)。结论:NEF用于胫骨骨折的设计较好,满足骨折愈合要求。与其他固定方法相比具有一定的优势,可作为治疗胫骨骨折的一种新方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
7.70%
发文量
494
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research is an open access journal that encompasses all aspects of clinical and basic research studies related to musculoskeletal issues. Orthopaedic research is conducted at clinical and basic science levels. With the advancement of new technologies and the increasing expectation and demand from doctors and patients, we are witnessing an enormous growth in clinical orthopaedic research, particularly in the fields of traumatology, spinal surgery, joint replacement, sports medicine, musculoskeletal tumour management, hand microsurgery, foot and ankle surgery, paediatric orthopaedic, and orthopaedic rehabilitation. The involvement of basic science ranges from molecular, cellular, structural and functional perspectives to tissue engineering, gait analysis, automation and robotic surgery. Implant and biomaterial designs are new disciplines that complement clinical applications. JOSR encourages the publication of multidisciplinary research with collaboration amongst clinicians and scientists from different disciplines, which will be the trend in the coming decades.
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