{"title":"How prevalent is \"other ethnicity blindness\"? Exploring the extremes of recognition performance across categories of faces.","authors":"Jeremy J Tree, Alex L Jones","doi":"10.1037/xge0001730","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The other ethnicity effect (OEE) refers to the common finding that individuals generally perform better in recognizing faces from their own ethnicity than from others. Wan et al. (2017) identified a subset of individuals with a marked difficulty in recognizing other ethnicity faces, termed other ethnicity blindness (OEB). This study further examines the prevalence of OEB in two large samples of Asian and Caucasian participants, using three analytical approaches to assess face recognition across different ethnic face categories. The first method, based on Wan's percentile-rank approach, additionally adjusted for regression to the mean (RTM), found a 1.9% OEB prevalence, lower than their earlier estimates (8.1% [7.5, 10.6]). Moreover, those identified often displayed generally poor face recognition skills. The second approach, akin to a single-case \"dissociation\" method (Crawford et al., 2003), classified just one individual (0.25%) as OEB. The third method defined OEB purely as an exaggeratedly large OEE, without using traditional \"cutoff\" scores, but adjusted for RTM, observed 1.33% of participants exhibited this profile. Bayesian simulations supported these OEB prevalence rates. Overall, the findings highlight the critical importance of accounting for factors like own-ethnicity performance, measurement error and RTM. We also advocate for more conservative classification methods in future OEB research and emphasize that while OEB is rare, it can be observed in some individuals. Specifically, adopting the classification of OEB as a \"hyper\" OEE profile may provide a valuable avenue for future research exploration both with respect to those interested in individual variability in OEE and more generally variability in within-class recognition performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15698,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001730","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The other ethnicity effect (OEE) refers to the common finding that individuals generally perform better in recognizing faces from their own ethnicity than from others. Wan et al. (2017) identified a subset of individuals with a marked difficulty in recognizing other ethnicity faces, termed other ethnicity blindness (OEB). This study further examines the prevalence of OEB in two large samples of Asian and Caucasian participants, using three analytical approaches to assess face recognition across different ethnic face categories. The first method, based on Wan's percentile-rank approach, additionally adjusted for regression to the mean (RTM), found a 1.9% OEB prevalence, lower than their earlier estimates (8.1% [7.5, 10.6]). Moreover, those identified often displayed generally poor face recognition skills. The second approach, akin to a single-case "dissociation" method (Crawford et al., 2003), classified just one individual (0.25%) as OEB. The third method defined OEB purely as an exaggeratedly large OEE, without using traditional "cutoff" scores, but adjusted for RTM, observed 1.33% of participants exhibited this profile. Bayesian simulations supported these OEB prevalence rates. Overall, the findings highlight the critical importance of accounting for factors like own-ethnicity performance, measurement error and RTM. We also advocate for more conservative classification methods in future OEB research and emphasize that while OEB is rare, it can be observed in some individuals. Specifically, adopting the classification of OEB as a "hyper" OEE profile may provide a valuable avenue for future research exploration both with respect to those interested in individual variability in OEE and more generally variability in within-class recognition performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
其他种族效应(OEE)指的是一个普遍的发现,即个体在识别自己种族的面孔时通常比识别其他种族的面孔表现得更好。Wan等人(2017)发现了一个在识别其他种族面孔方面存在明显困难的个体子集,称为其他种族失明(OEB)。本研究使用三种分析方法来评估不同种族面孔类别的面部识别,进一步研究了亚洲人和高加索人两大样本中OEB的患病率。第一种方法基于Wan的百分位秩法,并对回归均值(RTM)进行了额外调整,发现OEB患病率为1.9%,低于他们之前的估计(8.1%[7.5,10.6])。此外,被识别的人通常表现出较差的面部识别技能。第二种方法类似于单一案例的“分离”方法(Crawford et al., 2003),只将一个人(0.25%)归类为OEB。第三种方法将OEE纯粹定义为夸张的大OEE,没有使用传统的“截止”分数,但根据RTM进行调整,观察到1.33%的参与者表现出这种特征。贝叶斯模拟支持这些OEB患病率。总的来说,研究结果强调了考虑自身种族表现、测量误差和RTM等因素的重要性。我们也提倡在未来的OEB研究中采用更保守的分类方法,并强调虽然OEB很少见,但在一些个体中是可以观察到的。具体而言,采用OEB分类作为“超级”OEE概况可能为未来的研究探索提供了一条有价值的途径,这既涉及对OEE个体变异性感兴趣的研究,也涉及对类内识别性能更普遍的变异性感兴趣的研究。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA,版权所有)。
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Experimental Psychology: General publishes articles describing empirical work that bridges the traditional interests of two or more communities of psychology. The work may touch on issues dealt with in JEP: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, JEP: Human Perception and Performance, JEP: Animal Behavior Processes, or JEP: Applied, but may also concern issues in other subdisciplines of psychology, including social processes, developmental processes, psychopathology, neuroscience, or computational modeling. Articles in JEP: General may be longer than the usual journal publication if necessary, but shorter articles that bridge subdisciplines will also be considered.