Radial Expansion of the Nephrogenic Zone in the Fetal Human Kidney During Advanced Pregnancy: A Microanatomical Look at a Little Noticed Process.

IF 1.7 Q3 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY
International Journal of Nephrology Pub Date : 2025-03-20 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1155/ijne/7571982
Will W Minuth
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Abstract

Introduction: The experiences with preterm and low birth weight babies indicate a special vulnerability of their kidneys, since different kinds of noxae can evoke the termination of nephron formation. This leads to oligonephropathy, which is associated with serious consequences for health in the later stages of life. While the clinical aspects have been intensely investigated, only few pathological data point to the initial traces left by the noxae. Up to this date, only the reduction in the width of the nephrogenic zone (NZ) and the lack of here occurring basophilic S-shaped bodies were reported. Methods and Materials: The relationship between the arising nephron and its structural neighbors changes throughout the developmental progress. Locally, this determines the vertical width of the NZ reflected by the radial expansion of both the parenchyma and the interstitium. Since information about the origin, the site, and the involved structures is not available, the related microanatomical features were recorded. Results: The data reveal that the renal vesicles, comma-shaped bodies, and S-shaped bodies are unequally distributed in the NZ. Due to their progressive sizes, it has an influence on the local vertical width of the NZ. This parameter is registered as the distance between the inner side of the renal capsule and the proximal pole of the respective stage of the nephron anlage. The vertical width can be further subdivided: the constant height of the district of progenitor cell recruitment and the variable height of the area of nephron shaping. Exclusively here, the radial expansion of the shaping nephron stages can be noticed. It starts at the section border between the head and the conus of the related collecting duct ampulla by positioning the primitive renal vesicle. While the respective proximal pole stays mounted next to the connecting tubule of a previously developed nephron, the distal pole sticks between the head and the conus at the CD ampulla for linking the future connecting tubule. This causes that henceforth the medial aspect of the extending renal vesicle, comma-shaped body, or S-shaped body stages radially expands in close proximity to the elongating conus of the CD ampulla. Conclusion: Between the arising nephron stages and the elongating conus of the CD ampulla, a linked radial expansion occurs. This new finding is essential to identify the extent of targeting of noxae that subsequently leads to a reduction in the width of the NZ.

妊娠晚期胎儿肾脏肾源区放射状扩张:一个鲜为人知的微观解剖学观察过程。
前言:早产儿和低出生体重婴儿的经验表明,他们的肾脏有一种特殊的脆弱性,因为不同种类的毒素可以引起肾元形成的终止。这导致少肾病,这与生命后期健康的严重后果有关。虽然临床方面已经进行了深入的研究,但只有很少的病理数据指出了noxae留下的最初痕迹。到目前为止,只有肾源带宽度(NZ)的减小和此处没有发生的嗜碱性s形体的报道。方法与材料:肾元的产生与其结构邻体之间的关系在整个发育过程中发生变化。在局部,这决定了由实质和间质径向扩张反射的NZ的垂直宽度。由于没有关于起源、位置和涉及结构的信息,因此记录了相关的显微解剖特征。结果:数据显示肾小泡、逗号形小体和s形小体在新西兰分布不均匀。由于它们的渐进式大小,它对新西兰的局部垂直宽度有影响。该参数被记录为肾包膜内侧与肾单位各阶段近极之间的距离。垂直宽度可进一步细分为祖细胞募集区的恒定高度和肾元成形区的可变高度。仅在此处,可以观察到成形肾元阶段的径向扩张。通过定位原始肾小泡,从壶腹集管头部和圆锥之间的切面边界开始。当近端极固定在先前发育的肾元的连接管旁边时,远端极固定在头和壶腹的圆锥之间,用于连接未来的连接管。因此,延伸的肾小泡、逗号形小体或s形小体的内侧在靠近壶腹的细长圆锥处呈放射状扩张。结论:在肾元出现期和壶腹延长锥之间,发生了一个相关的径向扩张。这一新发现对于确定nokeae的靶向程度至关重要,从而导致NZ宽度的减少。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Nephrology
International Journal of Nephrology UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY-
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
4.80%
发文量
44
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊介绍: International Journal of Nephrology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies focusing on the prevention, diagnosis, and management of kidney diseases and associated disorders. The journal welcomes submissions related to cell biology, developmental biology, genetics, immunology, pathology, pathophysiology of renal disease and progression, clinical nephrology, dialysis, and transplantation.
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