Prevalence and causes of hearing impairment: a cross-sectional study in Karnali Province, Nepal.

IF 0.8 4区医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Journal of Laryngology and Otology Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI:10.1017/S0022215125000192

Rishi Bhatta, Sailesh Kumar Mishra, Diego Santana-Hernández, Anil Paudel, Sanju Maharjan, Roshana Kandel, Ranjan Shah, Krishna Khadka, Manisha Budhathoki, Bijaya Guragain, Man Bahadur Kunwar, Manish Gautam

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Abstract

Objective: This research aims to assess the prevalence, severity and underlying causes of hearing impairments.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used multistage stratified sampling to select 2148 individuals from Salyan and Surkhet, following the World Health Organization's Ear and Hearing Survey Handbook.

Results: Among 1946 participants, 38.9 per cent had hearing impairments, including 15.9 per cent with disabling hearing loss, with severity increasing with age. Ear diseases affected 34.3 per cent, including dull or retracted tympanic membranes (18 per cent), impacted wax (8 per cent), perforated tympanic membrane (6.1 per cent), and abnormal tympanometry (23.1 per cent). The major causes were age-related hearing loss (50.5 per cent), Eustachian tube dysfunction (23 per cent), chronic suppurative otitis media (10.8 per cent), and otitis media with effusion (4.7 per cent). Higher education and immunisation were associated with reduced risk, while chronic conditions, earaches, drainage and tinnitus increased the risk.

Conclusion: The high prevalence of hearing impairment, primarily from preventable causes, underscores the importance of early screening and strengthened primary health care.

Abstract Image

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听力障碍的患病率和原因：尼泊尔卡纳利的一项横断面研究。

目的：本研究旨在评估听力障碍的患病率、严重程度和潜在原因。方法：本横断面研究采用多阶段分层抽样方法，根据世界卫生组织耳和听力调查手册，从Salyan和Surkhet选择2148人。结果：在1946名参与者中，38.9%的人患有听力障碍，其中5.9%的人患有致残性听力损失，其严重程度随着年龄的增长而增加。34.3%的人患有耳部疾病，包括鼓膜钝化或收缩（18%）、耳垢阻塞（8%）、鼓膜穿孔（6.1%）和鼓膜测量异常（23.1%）。主要原因是年龄相关性听力损失（50.5%）、耳咽管功能障碍（23%）、慢性化脓性中耳炎（10.8%）和中耳炎伴积液（4.7%）。高等教育和免疫接种与风险降低有关，而慢性疾病、耳痛、耳鸣和耳鸣则增加了风险。结论：听力障碍的高患病率，主要来自可预防的原因，强调了早期筛查和加强初级卫生保健的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Laryngology and Otology 医学-耳鼻喉科学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

11.80%

发文量

593

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Laryngology & Otology (JLO) is a leading, monthly journal containing original scientific articles and clinical records in otology, rhinology, laryngology and related specialties. Founded in 1887, JLO is absorbing reading for ENT specialists and trainees. The journal has an international outlook with contributions from around the world, relevant to all specialists in this area regardless of the country in which they practise. JLO contains main articles (original, review and historical), case reports and short reports as well as radiology, pathology or oncology in focus, a selection of abstracts, book reviews, letters to the editor, general notes and calendar, operative surgery techniques, and occasional supplements. It is fully illustrated and has become a definitive reference source in this fast-moving subject area. Published monthly an annual subscription is excellent value for money. Included in the subscription is access to the JLO interactive web site with searchable abstract database of the journal archive back to 1887.