Kelsey L Hammers, Pedro E Urriola, Christian D Ramirez-Camba, Mark Schwartz, Moon-Suhn Ryu, Andres Gomez, Juan E Abrahante Lloréns, Lee J Johnston
{"title":"Piglet birth weight but not timing of zinc supplementation in gestation diets affects tissue mineral concentrations and gene expression.","authors":"Kelsey L Hammers, Pedro E Urriola, Christian D Ramirez-Camba, Mark Schwartz, Moon-Suhn Ryu, Andres Gomez, Juan E Abrahante Lloréns, Lee J Johnston","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf097","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sows were supplemented with high dietary zinc (Zn) at different times in gestation to determine effects on piglet tissue mineral concentrations and gene expression. Ten sSows per treatment were assigned to dietary treatments: 1) Control - sows fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet containing 206 ppm total supplemental zinc supplied by zinc hydroxychloride from mating to farrowing; 2) Breed-to-Farrow - as Control + additional 147 ppm supplemental Zn as ZnSO4 fed from 5 days post-breeding to farrowing; and 3) Day 110-to-Farrow - as Control + additional 4,079 ppm supplemental Zn as ZnSO4 starting on day 110 of gestation until farrowing. Final supplemental Zn concentrations of the Control, Breed-to-Farrow, and Day 110-to-Farrow treatments were 206, 353, and 4,285 ppm, respectively. Serum, colostrum, and milk were collected from each sow. At farrowing, two average (ABW) and two low birth weight (LBW) piglets from each sow were selected for collection of serum and tail samples within 2 days of birth. Liver tissue was collected from 65 piglets that died naturally (n = 35) or were euthanized (n = 30). Blood was collected from a different group of piglets (9 LBW piglets per treatment and 8 ABW Control piglets) for RNA-sequencing to evaluate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways. Mineral concentration data were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model and RNAseq data were analyzed using the edgeR program. Diet did not affect mineral concentrations of sow serum, colostrum, and milk (P > 0.05). Mineral concentrations of piglet serum were not influenced by maternal Zn treatment or piglet birth weight. Tail Cu for LBW piglets born to sows fed high Zn tended to be lower than Control piglets (P = 0.082) while piglets of LBW had greater concentrations of Fe (P = 0.018) and Cu (P = 0.031) in tails compared to ABW piglets. Piglets that died naturally had greater hepatic Fe concentrations (P < 0.001) than healthy euthanized piglets. Only 2 to 3 DEGs were noted between Control LBW and LBW piglets born to sows fed high Zn. However, 262 DEGs were identified between LBW and ABW piglets. Genes affected by birth weight were associated with pathways of translation and ribosomal activity. In conclusion, timing of feeding high Zn concentrations to gestating sows had minimal influence on concentrations of trace minerals in sows and their offspring, while piglet birth weight may have meaningful effects on mineral metabolism and protein synthesis of neonatal piglets.</p>","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of animal science","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf097","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Sows were supplemented with high dietary zinc (Zn) at different times in gestation to determine effects on piglet tissue mineral concentrations and gene expression. Ten sSows per treatment were assigned to dietary treatments: 1) Control - sows fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet containing 206 ppm total supplemental zinc supplied by zinc hydroxychloride from mating to farrowing; 2) Breed-to-Farrow - as Control + additional 147 ppm supplemental Zn as ZnSO4 fed from 5 days post-breeding to farrowing; and 3) Day 110-to-Farrow - as Control + additional 4,079 ppm supplemental Zn as ZnSO4 starting on day 110 of gestation until farrowing. Final supplemental Zn concentrations of the Control, Breed-to-Farrow, and Day 110-to-Farrow treatments were 206, 353, and 4,285 ppm, respectively. Serum, colostrum, and milk were collected from each sow. At farrowing, two average (ABW) and two low birth weight (LBW) piglets from each sow were selected for collection of serum and tail samples within 2 days of birth. Liver tissue was collected from 65 piglets that died naturally (n = 35) or were euthanized (n = 30). Blood was collected from a different group of piglets (9 LBW piglets per treatment and 8 ABW Control piglets) for RNA-sequencing to evaluate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways. Mineral concentration data were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model and RNAseq data were analyzed using the edgeR program. Diet did not affect mineral concentrations of sow serum, colostrum, and milk (P > 0.05). Mineral concentrations of piglet serum were not influenced by maternal Zn treatment or piglet birth weight. Tail Cu for LBW piglets born to sows fed high Zn tended to be lower than Control piglets (P = 0.082) while piglets of LBW had greater concentrations of Fe (P = 0.018) and Cu (P = 0.031) in tails compared to ABW piglets. Piglets that died naturally had greater hepatic Fe concentrations (P < 0.001) than healthy euthanized piglets. Only 2 to 3 DEGs were noted between Control LBW and LBW piglets born to sows fed high Zn. However, 262 DEGs were identified between LBW and ABW piglets. Genes affected by birth weight were associated with pathways of translation and ribosomal activity. In conclusion, timing of feeding high Zn concentrations to gestating sows had minimal influence on concentrations of trace minerals in sows and their offspring, while piglet birth weight may have meaningful effects on mineral metabolism and protein synthesis of neonatal piglets.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Animal Science (JAS) is the premier journal for animal science and serves as the leading source of new knowledge and perspective in this area. JAS publishes more than 500 fully reviewed research articles, invited reviews, technical notes, and letters to the editor each year.
Articles published in JAS encompass a broad range of research topics in animal production and fundamental aspects of genetics, nutrition, physiology, and preparation and utilization of animal products. Articles typically report research with beef cattle, companion animals, goats, horses, pigs, and sheep; however, studies involving other farm animals, aquatic and wildlife species, and laboratory animal species that address fundamental questions related to livestock and companion animal biology will be considered for publication.