A 10-week remote monitoring study of sleep features and their variability in individuals with and without ADHD.

IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY
Hayley Denyer, Ewan Carr, Qigang Deng, Philip Asherson, Andrea Bilbow, Amos Folarin, Madeleine J Groom, Chris Hollis, Heet Sankesara, Richard Jb Dobson, Jonna Kuntsi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: People with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often report disturbed sleep, as well as co-occurring symptoms of anxiety and depression. Yet studies employing objective assessments often do not show as many sleep disturbances compared to subjective measures. These discrepancies may relate to subjective reports capturing problematic nights, which may not be captured in a single night's sleep or by averaging objective measurements over several nights. Given that variability in behaviours is in general strongly linked to ADHD, individuals with ADHD could have greater sleep variability than individuals without ADHD. Using active and passive remote monitoring, we investigate differences in the level and variability of daily sleep behaviours between individuals with and without ADHD and explore if sleep is associated with changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms across a 10-week remote monitoring period.

Methods: Forty individuals (20 with ADHD, 20 without) took part in a 10-week remote monitoring study. Active monitoring involved participants completing questionnaires on ADHD and co-occurring psychiatric symptoms at weeks 2, 6 and 10. Passive monitoring involved participants wearing a wearable device (Fitbit) that measured sleep each night.

Results: Individuals with and without ADHD were similar in the levels of sleep recorded each night. However, compared to those without ADHD, participants with ADHD had more variable sleep duration, sleep onset and offset, and sleep efficiency over 10 weeks. Within-individual associations of co-occurring anxiety and depressive symptoms with the sleep features were non-significant.

Conclusions: In a 10-week remote monitoring study of sleep using a wearable device, we show that what distinguishes individuals with ADHD from those without is their greater variability in sleep features: participants with ADHD had a more variable sleep duration, sleep onset and offset, and sleep efficiency. Inconsistency and high variability are hallmarks of ADHD, and we show that this characteristic extends also to sleep among adolescents and adults with ADHD.

Trial registration: Clinical trial number: not applicable.

一项为期10周的远程监测研究,研究睡眠特征及其在患有和没有多动症的个体中的可变性。
背景:患有注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的人经常报告睡眠紊乱,以及焦虑和抑郁的共同症状。然而,与主观测量相比,采用客观评估的研究往往没有显示出那么多的睡眠障碍。这些差异可能与主观报告捕捉问题之夜有关,这可能不是在一个晚上的睡眠中捕获的,也可能不是在几个晚上的平均客观测量中捕获的。考虑到行为的可变性通常与多动症密切相关,患有多动症的人可能比没有多动症的人有更大的睡眠可变性。通过主动和被动远程监测,我们调查了有和没有多动症的个体在日常睡眠行为的水平和变异性上的差异,并探索睡眠是否与焦虑和抑郁症状的变化有关。方法:40例(20例有ADHD, 20例无ADHD)参加了为期10周的远程监测研究。积极监测包括参与者在第2周、第6周和第10周完成ADHD和并发精神症状的问卷调查。被动监测要求参与者佩戴可穿戴设备(Fitbit),每晚测量睡眠时间。结果:患有和没有多动症的人每晚记录的睡眠水平相似。然而,与那些没有多动症的人相比,有多动症的参与者在10周内的睡眠时间、睡眠开始和睡眠偏移以及睡眠效率都有更多的变化。同时出现的焦虑和抑郁症状与睡眠特征的个体内关联不显著。结论:在一项使用可穿戴设备进行的为期10周的睡眠远程监测研究中,我们发现ADHD患者与非ADHD患者的区别在于他们的睡眠特征具有更大的可变性:ADHD患者的睡眠持续时间、睡眠开始和偏移量以及睡眠效率变化更大。不一致性和高度可变性是ADHD的特征,我们发现这一特征也延伸到青少年和成人ADHD患者的睡眠。试验注册:临床试验编号:不适用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
BMC Psychiatry
BMC Psychiatry 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
4.50%
发文量
716
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Psychiatry is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.
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