{"title":"Factors Predisposing to the Onset of Bipolar Disorder: A 30-Year Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Peter Tyrer, Min Yang, Helen Tyrer, Gin Malhi","doi":"10.1111/bdi.70026","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the factors that predict the development of bipolar disorder in a population presenting with anxiety and depressive disorders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In a 30-year study, the Nottingham Study of Neurotic Disorder, the personality status, life events, service data, and early course of patients recruited to a randomised controlled trial were compared in patients who developed bipolar pathology and those who had no bipolar symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 30 years, 5 (2.5%) of 200 patients assessed at baseline developed unequivocal bipolar disorder, one within the first 10 weeks of the study, and three (1.5%) had bipolar II pathology. Analysis of these data showed that those patients who had some degree of bipolarity had an increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms and general psychopathology, most pronounced in the second year of the study, that was not found with patients who had no bipolar pathology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients treated for anxiety and depressive disorders who remain unwell after initial treatment are more at risk of developing bipolar disorder than others.</p>","PeriodicalId":8959,"journal":{"name":"Bipolar Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Bipolar Disorders","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.70026","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Objective: To examine the factors that predict the development of bipolar disorder in a population presenting with anxiety and depressive disorders.
Method: In a 30-year study, the Nottingham Study of Neurotic Disorder, the personality status, life events, service data, and early course of patients recruited to a randomised controlled trial were compared in patients who developed bipolar pathology and those who had no bipolar symptoms.
Results: Over 30 years, 5 (2.5%) of 200 patients assessed at baseline developed unequivocal bipolar disorder, one within the first 10 weeks of the study, and three (1.5%) had bipolar II pathology. Analysis of these data showed that those patients who had some degree of bipolarity had an increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms and general psychopathology, most pronounced in the second year of the study, that was not found with patients who had no bipolar pathology.
Conclusions: Patients treated for anxiety and depressive disorders who remain unwell after initial treatment are more at risk of developing bipolar disorder than others.
期刊介绍：
Bipolar Disorders is an international journal that publishes all research of relevance for the basic mechanisms, clinical aspects, or treatment of bipolar disorders and related illnesses. It intends to provide a single international outlet for new research in this area and covers research in the following areas:
biochemistry
physiology
neuropsychopharmacology
neuroanatomy
neuropathology
genetics
brain imaging
epidemiology
phenomenology
clinical aspects
and therapeutics of bipolar disorders
Bipolar Disorders also contains papers that form the development of new therapeutic strategies for these disorders as well as papers on the topics of schizoaffective disorders, and depressive disorders as these can be cyclic disorders with areas of overlap with bipolar disorders.
The journal will consider for publication submissions within the domain of: Perspectives, Research Articles, Correspondence, Clinical Corner, and Reflections. Within these there are a number of types of articles: invited editorials, debates, review articles, original articles, commentaries, letters to the editors, clinical conundrums, clinical curiosities, clinical care, and musings.
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