UPLC-QTOF Mass Spectrometry Detection of Four Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (Methyl Paraben, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Monobutyl Phthalate, and Bisphenol A) in Urine of Filipino Women.

Q4 Medicine
Acta Medica Philippina Pub Date : 2025-02-28 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.47895/amp.vi0.9007
Francisco M Heralde, Zaidy T Martin, Maria Stephanie Fay S Cagayan, Esterlita V Uy, Paulyn Jean R Ubial, Michael C Velarde, Erlidia F Llamas-Clark
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Abstract

Background and objective: Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are ubiquitously found as low-level contaminants and pose serious threat to women's health. EDCs may result in various reproductive disorders, fetal birth and developmental abnormalities, and endocrine and metabolic disorders. EDCs can be detected in body fluids of exposed individuals including blood and urine. This study aimed to detect four EDCs - Methyl Paraben (MP), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Monobutyl Phthalate (MBP), and Bisphenol A (BPA) in urine samples of women using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography - Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (UPLC-QTOF) mass spectrometry.

Methods: Sequential steps of enzymatic deconjugation, liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, and liquid chromatography separation and mass spectrometry detection were optimized in urine samples. The method was used to analyze 70 urine samples from women of reproductive age.

Results: The sample preparation method showed a recovery ranging from 86.6% (MBP) to 100 % (2,4-D). The method demonstrated limits of quantitation ranging from 1.52 ng/m(MP) to 6.46 ng/mL(2,4D). Intra-day precisions expressed as relative standard deviation were all below 15% while accuracy was shown to range from 67.10% (2,4-D) to 102.39% (MBP). MP was detected in nine samples (12.86%) with a geometric mean value of 10.15 ng/ml (range: 3.62-52.39 ng/ml). MBP was detected in 68 samples (97.14%) with a geometric mean value of 97.62 ng/ml (range: 15.32-698.18 ng/ml). BPA was detected only once (9.58 ng/ml) while 2, 4-D was not detected in all samples.

Conclusion: A UPLC-QTOF mass spectrometry method to detect four EDCs at parts per billion level (ng/ml) was adapted and applied for analysis of urine samples. This method can find applicability in routine testing of clinical specimens as well as surveillance and other epidemiological studies.

菲律宾妇女尿液中四种干扰内分泌的化学品(苯甲酸甲酯、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯和双酚 A)的 UPLC-QTOF 质谱检测。
背景与目的:内分泌干扰物(EDCs)作为低水平污染物普遍存在,对妇女健康构成严重威胁。EDCs可能导致各种生殖障碍,胎儿出生和发育异常,以及内分泌和代谢紊乱。EDCs可在接触者的体液中检测到,包括血液和尿液。本研究旨在利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间(UPLC-QTOF)质谱法检测女性尿液样品中的四种EDCs -对羟基苯甲酸甲酯(MP)、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4- d)、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯(MBP)和双酚A (BPA)。方法:优化尿液样品的酶解-液-液萃取-固相萃取-液相色谱分离-质谱检测的顺序步骤。该方法用于分析70例育龄妇女的尿液样本。结果:样品制备方法回收率为86.6% (MBP) ~ 100% (2,4- d)。该方法的定量限为1.52 ng/m(MP) ~ 6.46 ng/mL(2,4d)。以相对标准偏差表示的日内精密度均低于15%,准确度在67.10% (2,4- d)至102.39% (MBP)之间。9份样品(12.86%)检测到MP,几何平均值为10.15 ng/ml(范围:3.62 ~ 52.39 ng/ml)。68份样品(97.14%)检测到MBP,几何平均值为97.62 ng/ml(范围:15.32 ~ 698.18 ng/ml)。BPA仅检测到一次(9.58 ng/ml),而2,4 - d未在所有样品中检测到。结论:采用UPLC-QTOF质谱法检测四种EDCs,浓度为十亿分之一(ng/ml),适用于尿样分析。该方法适用于临床标本的常规检测以及监测和其他流行病学研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Acta Medica Philippina
Acta Medica Philippina Medicine-Medicine (all)
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
199
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