In silico insights into the molecular mechanisms of Eclipta alba leaf fractions enhancing nonspecific immune mechanisms and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters)

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102774

D. Christybapita , M. Divya Gnaneswari , Smriti Sharma , R. Dinakaran Michael , Parasuraman Aiya Subramani

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The present study evaluated the impact of the water-soluble fraction (WSF) and hexane-soluble fraction (HSF) from Eclipta alba, a medicinal plant native to India, on nonspecific immune mechanisms and disease resistance in Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia) experimentally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish were intraperitoneally administered E. alba leaf fractions at doses of 0, 4, 40, or 400 mg kg⁻¹. Immune parameters, including ROS and RNS production by leukocytes and serum lysozyme activity, were monitored at several time points (-2, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days post-treatment). Both WSF and HSF significantly (p < 0.05) increased ROS levels across all days tested. The highest WSF dose (400 mg kg⁻¹) notably induced RNS production (p < 0.05) on most days. Additionally, mid doses (40 mg kg⁻¹) of both HSF and WSF significantly (p < 0.05) stimulated lysozyme activity on day 8. Disease resistance tests showed that the highest doses of HSF and WSF (400 mg kg⁻¹), when administered as double doses, reduced mortality (p < 0.01) and increased relative percentage survival. These findings suggest that WSF and HSF fractions from E. alba, when administered at an optimal dose of 400 mg kg⁻¹, stimulate the nonspecific immune mechanisms of O. mossambicus, improving resistance to A. hydrophila infection. Several compounds in the extracts were identified using GC-MS/MS, and their structures were retrieved. Molecular docking of the retrieved structures with NADPH oxidase (NOX) and Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which are key enzymes involved in ROS and RNS production, was conducted using AutoDock software. Docking results showed that stigmasterol (WSF) and ethylcyclodocosane (HSF) bound to both NOX and NOS with high affinity. The observed immunostimulatory activity may be mediated through NOX and NOS activation, as supported by our in-silico docking studies.

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.