Anticancer Nanoparticle Carriers of the Proapoptotic Protein Cytochrome c.

IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Alexandar M Zhivkov, Svetlana H Hristova, Trifon T Popov
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This review discusses the literature data on the synthesis, physicochemical properties, and cytotoxicity of composite nanoparticles bearing the mitochondrial protein cytochrome c (cytC), which can act as a proapoptotic mediator in addition to its main function as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain. The introduction of exogenous cytC via absorption of carrier particles, the phagocytosis of colloid particles of submicrometric size, or the receptor-mediated endocytosis of nanoparticles in cancer cells, initiates the process of apoptosis-a multistage cascade of biochemical reactions leading to complete destruction of the cells. CytC-carrier composite particles have the potential for use in the treatment of neoplasms with superficial localization: skin, mouth, stomach, colon, etc. This approach can solve the two main problems of anticancer therapy: selectivity and non-toxicity. Selectivity is based on the incapability of the normal cell to absorb (nano)particles, except for the cells of the immune system. The use of cytC as a protein that normally functions in mitochondria is harmless for the macroorganism. In this review, the factors limiting cytotoxicity and the ways to increase it are discussed from the point of view of the physicochemical properties of the cytC-carrier particles. The different techniques used for the preparation of cytC-bearing colloids and nanoparticles are discussed. Articles reporting the achievement of high cytotoxicity with each of the techniques are critically analyzed.

促凋亡蛋白细胞色素c的抗癌纳米颗粒载体。
本文综述了含线粒体蛋白细胞色素c (cytC)的复合纳米颗粒的合成、理化性质和细胞毒性等方面的文献资料。细胞色素c除了在电子传递链中作为电子载体的主要功能外,还可以作为促凋亡介质。通过载体颗粒的吸收,亚微米大小的胶体颗粒的吞噬,或癌细胞中受体介导的纳米颗粒的内吞作用,引入外源细胞tc,启动细胞凋亡过程-一个多阶段的级联生化反应,导致细胞的完全破坏。cytc载体复合颗粒有潜力用于治疗浅表定位肿瘤:皮肤、口腔、胃、结肠等。这种方法可以解决抗癌治疗的两个主要问题:选择性和无毒性。选择性是基于正常细胞不能吸收(纳米)颗粒,除了免疫系统的细胞。使用细胞tc作为一种蛋白质,通常在线粒体中起作用,对宏观生物是无害的。本文从细胞载体颗粒的理化性质出发,讨论了限制细胞毒性的因素和提高细胞毒性的途径。讨论了不同的技术用于制备含cytc的胶体和纳米颗粒。文章报道的成就高细胞毒性与每一种技术进行了批判性的分析。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutics Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmaceutical Science
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
11.10%
发文量
2379
审稿时长
16.41 days
期刊介绍: Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923) is an open access journal which provides an advanced forum for the science and technology of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications,  and short notes. Covered topics include pharmacokinetics, toxicokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics, and pharmaceutical formulation. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical details in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.
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