Baseline Characteristics of Bronchial Secretions and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in Patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.

IF 4.1 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY
Rodopi Stamatiou, Efrosyni Gerovasileiou, Maria Angeli, Konstantina Deskata, Vasiliki Tsolaki, Konstantinos Mantzarlis, Epameinondas Zakynthinos, Demosthenes Makris
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Mechanically ventilated (MV) patients often develop ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with increased mortality risk, especially in VAP caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms. We evaluated MV patients and monitored VAP presentation, microbiologically confirmed. The patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and blind bronchial aspiration (AC) at baseline. Systematic bronchial secretion and radiologic assessments were performed daily. The patients were classified as MDR-VAP, non-MDR-VAP, or non-VAP. The APACHE II and SOFA scores, microbiology, inflammatory markers, respiratory system characteristics, and ventilator settings were evaluated. BAL and AC were assessed for total protein levels, cellular number and profile, and IL-1β and TNF-α levels. Of the VAP patients, 46.1% presented with MDR-VAP due to Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and 53.8%-with non-MDR-VAP. The VAP patients had higher APACHE II scores and airway pressure but a lower baseline PO2/FIO2 compared to the non-VAP patients, while PO2/FIO2 was increased in MDR-VAP compared to non-MDR-VAP. BAL protein, IL-1β, and cellular levels were increased in VAP vs. non-VAP and in non-MDR-VAP compared to MDR-VAP. Macrophages and polymorphonuclears were 34.36% and 23.76% in VAP, statistically significant increased compared to non-VAP. Their percentages were also increased in non-MDR-VAP compared to MDR-VAP. These differences imply a different immunological profile in non-MDR-VAP patients. In conclusion, MDR-VAP patients may present significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics and molecular biomarkers, which may help in prompt diagnosis and an improved therapeutic approach.

呼吸机相关性肺炎患者支气管分泌物和支气管肺泡灌洗液的基线特征。
机械通气(MV)患者经常发生呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP),死亡风险增加,特别是由多药耐药(MDR)微生物引起的VAP。我们评估了MV患者并监测了VAP的表现,微生物学证实。患者在基线时接受支气管肺泡灌洗(BAL)和盲目支气管抽吸(AC)。每日进行系统支气管分泌物和影像学检查。患者分为耐多药vap、非耐多药vap和非vap。评估APACHE II和SOFA评分、微生物学、炎症标志物、呼吸系统特征和呼吸机设置。测定BAL和AC的总蛋白水平、细胞数量和形态、IL-1β和TNF-α水平。在VAP患者中,46.1%的患者出现了由鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌或嗜麦芽窄养单胞菌引起的耐多药VAP, 53.8%的患者出现了非耐多药VAP。与非VAP患者相比,VAP患者具有更高的APACHE II评分和气道压力,但基线PO2/FIO2较低,而与非MDR-VAP患者相比,MDR-VAP患者的PO2/FIO2升高。与非VAP相比,VAP中BAL蛋白、IL-1β和细胞水平升高,与MDR-VAP相比,非MDR-VAP中BAL蛋白、IL-1β和细胞水平升高。VAP组巨噬细胞和多形核细胞分别为34.36%和23.76%,与非VAP组相比,差异有统计学意义。与耐多药vap相比,非耐多药vap患者的比例也有所增加。这些差异意味着在非耐多药vap患者中存在不同的免疫特征。综上所述,MDR-VAP患者在基线临床特征和分子生物标志物方面可能存在显著差异,这可能有助于及时诊断和改进治疗方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Microorganisms
Microorganisms Medicine-Microbiology (medical)
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
6.70%
发文量
2168
审稿时长
20.03 days
期刊介绍: Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, viruses and prions. It publishes reviews, research papers and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.
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