The influence of ZnO content in YSZ-ZnO composite ceramics on bacterial growth and cell behaviour for the prevention of peri-implant inflammation

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI:10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.008

Marie-Elise Jennes , Sven Kriegseis , Lukas Aretz , Antonia Stadie , Nora Gaertner , Louisa Mewes , Florian Beuer , Mehdi Behbahani , Karolina Schickle , Franziska Schmidt

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Peri-implantitis is a significant complication in dental implant therapy and arises primarily from bacterial colonization. Current preventive strategies show limited long-term efficacy. This study evaluated antibacterial properties and biocompatibility of yttria-stabilized zirconia-zinc oxide (YSZ-ZnO) composite ceramics as implant abutment material for peri-implantitis prevention.

Methods

Nine ZnO/YSZ ratios (10–90–90–10 at%), and controls (100 % ZnO, 100 % YSZ, and titanium) were synthesized. Analyses included microstructure and composition by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and surface roughness with an Alicona Infinite Focus Variation microscope. Antibacterial properties were assessed against Porphyromonas gingivalis and cell viability of immortalized human gingival fibroblasts (iHGF) was evaluated using the CCK8 assay. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with post-hoc tests (P = 0.05).

Results

Samples with ZnO > 40 % showed larger inhibition zones than Ti and YSZ (P < 0.05). No CFUs were observed with ≥ 60 % ZnO, while controls showed bacterial growth. Cell viability assays revealed no significant differences between YSZ and 60 % ZnO (P > 0.05), but higher ZnO concentrations reduced viability. Mean roughness (Ra) values ranged from 0.13 μm (66.6 % ZnO) to 0.58 μm (100 % ZnO).

Significance

YSZ-ZnO composites could reduce peri-implantitis by inhibiting bacterial colonization. The 60 % ZnO composition exhibited strong antibacterial properties and biocompatibility, suggesting potential solution for improving implant success rates, especially in high-risk patients. Further research is needed to explore long-term stability and interactions with other bacteria.

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来源期刊

Dental Materials 工程技术-材料科学：生物材料

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

10.00%

发文量

290

审稿时长

67 days

期刊介绍： Dental Materials publishes original research, review articles, and short communications. Academy of Dental Materials members click here to register for free access to Dental Materials online. The principal aim of Dental Materials is to promote rapid communication of scientific information between academia, industry, and the dental practitioner. Original Manuscripts on clinical and laboratory research of basic and applied character which focus on the properties or performance of dental materials or the reaction of host tissues to materials are given priority publication. Other acceptable topics include application technology in clinical dentistry and dental laboratory technology. Comprehensive reviews and editorial commentaries on pertinent subjects will be considered.