Patterns of Clinical Trial Enrollment for Pediatric Patients With Hepatoblastoma and Wilms Tumor: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group

IF 2.9 2区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI:10.1002/cam4.70692

Pablo S. Monterroso, Sarah Lucht, Jeannette M. Sample, Angela D. Trobaugh-Lotrario, Helen M. Parsons, Lucie M. Turcotte, David Van Riper, Jenny N. Poynter, Erin L. Marcotte

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Abstract

Background

Published childhood cancer studies have observed differences in therapeutic trial enrollment by race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and age at diagnosis. Our study investigates patterns of enrollment for pediatric oncology clinical trials.

Methods

We analyzed differences in Children's Oncology Group clinical trial enrollment in a cohort of pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma (n = 212) and Wilms tumor (n = 1107). Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated for trial enrollment by patient characteristics. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were estimated to examine associations between characteristics and three outcomes (therapeutic trial [referent], exclusively non-therapeutic study, no trial or study). Statistical significance tests were two-sided.

Results

Approximately half of all cases enrolled in therapeutic trials for both tumor types (Wilms: 48%; hepatoblastoma: 51%). For Wilms tumor, patients diagnosed at ages 3–5 years were more likely to enroll compared to those diagnosed at age < 1 year (RR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.13) and had lower odds of joining exclusively a non-therapeutic study compared to those diagnosed at age < 1 years (OR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.44, 0.90). There was no association between race, ethnicity, or SES and enrollment. For hepatoblastoma, no variables indicated any statistically significant difference in enrollment.

Conclusions

Few differences in clinical trial enrollment were observed during periods when trials were available for all risk groups, a promising sign of equity in pediatric oncology clinical trial recruitment. Among Wilms tumor cases, differences in enrollment were observed for age at diagnosis, a potential proxy for disease acuity, which may influence decision making.

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来源期刊

Cancer Medicine ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

907

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas: Clinical Cancer Research Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations Cancer Biology: Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery. Cancer Prevention: Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach. Bioinformatics: Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers. Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.