Generalized Tremors in Dogs: 198 Cases (2003–2023)

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI:10.1111/jvim.70062

Theofanis Liatis, Sofie F. M. Bhatti, Steven De Decker

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Diseases associated with generalized tremors in dogs have not been extensively investigated in a large population of dogs.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Describe semiology, tremor phenotype, and diseases associated with generalized tremors in dogs, and identify clinical features that could be associated with the underlying disease.

Animals

A total of 198 dogs.

Methods

Retrospective, single-center study of dogs with generalized tremors and a final or presumptive diagnosis between January 2003 and December 2023.

Results

The most common diseases associated with generalized tremors in dogs were intoxication (91/198; 46%), idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome (IGTS; 49/198; 24.7%), hypocalcemia (13/198; 6.6%), meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO; 9/198; 4.5%), hypoglycemia (6/198; 3%), hypercalcemia (5/198; 2.5%) and degenerative encephalopathies (5/198; 2.5%). Dogs with IGTS were females (p = 0.002), younger (p = 0.002) with an acute progressive lateralizing presentation (p < 0.001 for all three), compared to dogs with intoxication that were males (p = 0.002), young and middle-aged (p = 0.002) with a hyperacute nonprogressive symmetric presentation (p < 0.001 for all three). Behavioral changes (p = 0.01), hypersalivation (p = 0.04), abnormal mentation (p = 0.01), bilateral mydriasis (p = 0.02) or generalized hyperesthesia (p = 0.002) were common in intoxication, whereas hyporexia and vestibulocerebellar signs (p < 0.001 both) were common in IGTS. Dogs manifested only tremors in intoxication (45%) compared with IGTS (22%; p = 0.01). Improvement within 48 h from the onset of signs without corticosteroid treatment occurred exclusively in dogs with intoxication (p < 0.001).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Intoxication and IGTS were the most common diseases associated with generalized tremors in dogs. Historical and clinical features may aid the clinician in adjusting their differential diagnoses and formulating a diagnostic and treatment plan.

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犬全身性震颤198例（2003-2023）

背景与犬全身性震颤相关的疾病尚未在大量犬类中进行广泛调查。假设/目的描述与犬全身性震颤相关的符号学、震颤表型和疾病，并确定可能与潜在疾病相关的临床特征。动物共198只狗。方法回顾性、单中心研究2003年1月至2023年12月间确诊或推定为全身性震颤的犬。结果犬全身性震颤相关疾病以中毒(91/198；46%)，特发性广泛性震颤综合征(IGTS；49/198;24.7%)，低钙血症(13/198；6.6%)，不明原因脑膜脑炎(MUO；9/198;4.5%)，低血糖(6/198；3%)，高钙血症(5/198；2.5%)和退行性脑病(5/198；2.5%)。患有IGTS的犬为雌性（p = 0.002），较年轻（p = 0.002），表现为急性进行性偏侧（三种均为p <； 0.001），而患有中毒的犬为雄性（p = 0.002），年轻和中年（p = 0.002），表现为超急性非进行性对称（三种均为p <； 0.001）。行为改变（p = 0.01）、唾液分泌过多（p = 0.04）、精神状态异常（p = 0.01）、双侧瞳孔肿大（p = 0.02）或全身性感觉亢进（p = 0.002）是中毒患者常见的症状，而IGTS患者则常见缺氧和前庭小脑症状（p < 0.001）。与IGTS（22%）相比，狗在中毒时仅表现出震颤（45%）；p = 0.01)。在症状出现后48小时内，没有皮质类固醇治疗的改善只发生在中毒的狗身上（p < 0.001）。结论及临床意义中毒和IGTS是犬全身性震颤最常见的相关疾病。病史和临床特征可以帮助临床医生调整他们的鉴别诊断和制定诊断和治疗计划。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

11.50%

发文量

243

审稿时长

22 weeks

期刊介绍： The mission of the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine is to advance veterinary medical knowledge and improve the lives of animals by publication of authoritative scientific articles of animal diseases.