Sun-tracker PV and TEG hybrid power generation

Abstract

The integration of Photovoltaic (PV) and Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) systems for hybrid power generation has gained considerable attention in recent years due to its potential to enhance energy efficiency and address the challenges of renewable energy intermittency. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the hardware implementation, modeling, and efficiency analysis of a PV and TEG hybrid power generation system. Maximum possible efficiency was achieved for PV panel by means of single-axis Solar Sun Tracker System, which dynamically adjusted its orientation to maximize sunlight exposure. The primary objective of this research is to explore the synergies between PV and TEG technologies in order to optimize power output and overall system efficiency. The proposed hybrid system harnesses solar energy through PV modules and concurrently utilizes waste heat to generate electricity via TEG modules. The experimental validation of the hybrid system is conducted on a prototype setup. The results demonstrate that the integrated PV and TEG system outperforms standalone PV or TEG configurations, achieving higher overall energy conversion efficiency. The experimental outcomes featuring an energy saving of about 30 % by TEG panel on the heat radiated by the solar panel, validate the functionality and promise of the hybrid PV + TEG power generation system. The hybrid approach proves particularly effective in scenarios with fluctuating solar intensity and temperature gradients. MATLAB simulations and hardware experiments were conducted to validate the system's functionality and assess its performance under varying environmental conditions. Reducing thermal resistance between PV cells and TEG module could help keep PV cells optimum temperature for higher Cr (Concentration Ratio) as per MATLAB simulation. The MATLAB graphs depict the power output from both PV and TEG modules, illustrating the dynamic response of the hybrid system to changing solar irradiance levels and temperature gradients. The proposed hybrid system harnesses solar energy through PV modules and concurrently utilizes waste heat to generate electricity via TEG modules. The innovative hardware setup, combined with the control algorithm, resulted in significant improvements in energy generation. The observed results affirm the practical viability of the proposed setup and its potential for real-world applications. This work encourages further exploration of solar tracking technologies for enhanced renewable energy utilization.