Microalgae-Derived Microparticles Improve Immunomodulation via Combined Glycolysis and MAPK Activation

IF 3.7 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Langmuir Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI:10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05088

Saetbyeol Jeon, Hwira Baek, Seulgi Kim, Youngseok Kim, Junoh Kim, Jin Woong Kim

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Natural polysaccharides possess potent immunostimulatory properties, but their poor solubility impedes efficiency of cellular delivery. This study focuses on extraction of microparticles (MPs) fromEuglena gracilis, a microalgae species characterized by abundant intracellular β-1,3-glucan and flexible cell membrane. We introduce anE. gracilis-derived MP (MP_EG) system as a natural carrier for solubilized β-glucan. The MP_EG system enhances β-glucan’s solubility and loading efficiency through sequential sonication and cell extrusion. In vitro studies reveal that MP_EG utilizes multiple endocytosis pathways, including phagocytosis, clathrin-mediated, and lipid raft-mediated routes, for effective β-glucan delivery into cells. Upon cellular internalization, MP_EG components trigger dual activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and glycolysis in macrophages, leading to enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lactic acid, ultimately strengthening innate immune responses. This MP_EG system offers a promising approach to harnessing the immunostimulatory properties of natural polysaccharides while overcoming their solubility limitations, opening new avenues for targeted cellular delivery in immunomodulation therapies.

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来源期刊

Langmuir 化学-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

10.30%

发文量

1464

审稿时长

2.1 months

期刊介绍： Langmuir is an interdisciplinary journal publishing articles in the following subject categories: Colloids: surfactants and self-assembly, dispersions, emulsions, foams Interfaces: adsorption, reactions, films, forces Biological Interfaces: biocolloids, biomolecular and biomimetic materials Materials: nano- and mesostructured materials, polymers, gels, liquid crystals Electrochemistry: interfacial charge transfer, charge transport, electrocatalysis, electrokinetic phenomena, bioelectrochemistry Devices and Applications: sensors, fluidics, patterning, catalysis, photonic crystals However, when high-impact, original work is submitted that does not fit within the above categories, decisions to accept or decline such papers will be based on one criteria: What Would Irving Do? Langmuir ranks #2 in citations out of 136 journals in the category of Physical Chemistry with 113,157 total citations. The journal received an Impact Factor of 4.384*. This journal is also indexed in the categories of Materials Science (ranked #1) and Multidisciplinary Chemistry (ranked #5).