Multifunctional fabrics with functionalized core–shell structures prepared by electrostatic spinning for passive daytime radiation cooling

Abstract

Passive Daytime Radiant Cooling (PDRC) fabrics reduce heat input by reflecting sunlight and radiating heat in an energy-free way to achieve cooling. However, the integration of functionality into PDRC fabrics is often achieved by using complex structural designs, which can compromise comfort and increase processing complexity. Herein, we present an improved solution through a simple yet effective structural design that seamlessly integrates thermal management, UV protection, and self-cleaning functionalities into the fabric. The multifunctional Al₂O₃/SiO₂/PVDF (ASP) textiles were successfully prepared for daytime passive radiative cooling by a simple electrostatic spinning process based on Al₂O₃/SiO₂ core–shell structures prepared by in situ growth on alumina. Specifically, ASP exhibits high solar reflectance (96.1 %) and high mid-IR emissivity (96.9 %). Outdoor testing reveals that ASP can reduce human skin temperature by 16.96 °C, which is 10.31 °C cooler compared to cotton fabrics. Due to the incorporation of Al₂O₃/SiO₂ core–shell nanomaterials, ASP exhibits excellent antimicrobial, anti-UV, and self-cleaning properties. This research provides a simple and effective route to the design and manufacture of multifunctional PDRC fabrics.