Exploring the Link Between Atopic Dermatitis and Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

Abstract

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and atopic dermatitis (AD) are two known and sometimes comorbid type 2 helper cell-mediated diseases. EoE shares clinical features, immunologic pathways, susceptibility loci, and risk with atopic conditions including food allergies (food allergies), asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and AD. These conditions share an impaired immunological response against a range of antigens or allergens, leading to CD4+ Th2 differentiation and overproduction of immunoglobulin E (IgE). The emerging coexistence of EoE and AD presents a compelling area of study. Both diseases manifest on stratified squamous epithelium along the skin-gut continuum and have overlapping treatment algorithms that include avoidance of triggers, topical steroids, and dupilumab. This narrative review highlights the clinical and immunologic nuances underlying these two conditions and sheds light on potential new research and therapeutic avenues.