Synthesis and characterization of piroxicam and M (M= Pd (II), Ag (I)) complex nanoconjugates with orange quantum dots for enhanced antimicrobial and anticancer activity.

Abstract

Conjugation and loading of piroxicam and its metal complexes; Palladium(II) (PdL2) and Silver(I) (AgL) synthesized and characterized by different techniques including IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, spectrofluorimetry, TEM, XRPD and Zeta potential analyses were achieved. OQDs nanoparticle showed good stability, encapsulation and loading efficiency and controlled release of loaded piroxicam and its metal complexes. Generally, new OQQs conjugates showed enhanced antimicrobial and anticancer activity. In vitro antimicrobial activity screening demonstrated that Ag(I)-OQDs conjugate displayed potent antibacterial effect that was 1.8-fold against E. coli higher than piroxicam (MIC= 31.85 µM), where Pd(II)-OQDs conjugate depicted the highest activity with MIC of 33.05 µM against P. aeruginosa. In case of G+ve bacteria, Ag conjugate had potent activity which was 2.3-fold on S. aureus higher than piroxicam (MIC= 43.12 µM), while Pd conjugate exerted promising activity that was 3.5-fold against E. faecalis higher than piroxicam (MIC= 74.57 µM). Ag conjugate showed the most promising antifungal activity with 2.5-folds more than piroxicam. The in vitro antiproliferative activity depicted that all synthesized conjugates showed better Cytotoxic effect than piroxicam, specifically Pd conjugate which had IC50 values with by 2-fold lower than piroxicam on human liver cancer cell line HepG2. While Pd and Ag conjugates showed 2.3 and 1.9-fold higher effect on human colon cancer cell line HT-29 compared to piroxicam.