Association of endometrial preparation protocols and embryonic development stages with ectopic pregnancy in freeze-thaw cycles.

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI:10.1007/s10815-025-03451-3

Jinliang Zhu, Wan Yang, Ming Li, Xinjie Zhuang, Yapeng Wang, Ying Lian, Rong Li, Ping Liu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between endometrial preparation protocols, embryonic development stages, and ectopic pregnancy.

Methods: A total of 29,700 clinical pregnancies, all of which resulted from freeze-thaw cycles performed between January 2018 and December 2023, were analyzed in this retrospective study.

Results: The ectopic pregnancy rate was significantly higher in artificial cycles than natural cycles (1.5% vs. 0.8%; P < 0.001); the ectopic pregnancy rate was significantly higher in stage 5-6 than stage 3-4 blastocyst transfer (1.3% vs. 0.7%; P = 0.019). After incorporating all independent confounders into a multivariate general estimating equation model, artificial versus natural cycle (adjusted RR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.32-2.13; P < 0.001) was shown to be an increased risk factor for ectopic pregnancy, especially in the single embryo transfer subgroup (aRR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.23-2.48; P = 0.002); additionally, day 3 embryo transfer versus blastocyst transfer (aRR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.15-3.38; P = 0.014) and stage 5-6 blastocyst versus stage 3-4 blastocyst transfer (aRR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.05-2.74; P = 0.031) were shown to be increased risk factors for ectopic pregnancy.

Conclusions: This study found that endometrial preparation protocols and embryonic development stages are significantly associated with ectopic pregnancy.

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来源期刊

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 医学-妇产科学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

9.70%

发文量

286

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics publishes cellular, molecular, genetic, and epigenetic discoveries advancing our understanding of the biology and underlying mechanisms from gametogenesis to offspring health. Special emphasis is placed on the practice and evolution of assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs) with reference to the diagnosis and management of diseases affecting fertility. Our goal is to educate our readership in the translation of basic and clinical discoveries made from human or relevant animal models to the safe and efficacious practice of human ARTs. The scientific rigor and ethical standards embraced by the JARG editorial team ensures a broad international base of expertise guiding the marriage of contemporary clinical research paradigms with basic science discovery. JARG publishes original papers, minireviews, case reports, and opinion pieces often combined into special topic issues that will educate clinicians and scientists with interests in the mechanisms of human development that bear on the treatment of infertility and emerging innovations in human ARTs. The guiding principles of male and female reproductive health impacting pre- and post-conceptional viability and developmental potential are emphasized within the purview of human reproductive health in current and future generations of our species. The journal is published in cooperation with the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, an organization of more than 8,000 physicians, researchers, nurses, technicians and other professionals dedicated to advancing knowledge and expertise in reproductive biology.