Therapeutic advances for Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma.

Abstract

Cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL) are a group of rare and heterogenous diseases. There is currently no curative treatment for patients with advanced mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS). EORTC consensus recommendations for the treatment of MF/SS have been updated and focused on recently available treatments. Peginterferon, a new form of interferon, has a favorable risk-benefit profile for CTCL patients treatment. Recently approved monoclonal antibodies have completely modified the treatment algorithm of advanced CTCL treatment. Brentuximab vedotin is very efficient for tumor and transformed MF. Mogamulizumab can induce long term remission in patients with SS. Lacutamab has recently completed an international trial, both in SS and MF. Numerous novel targets have been identified, and several new monoclonal antibodies have been shown able to enhance specific immune responses and to induce targeted antibody dependent cytotoxicity and cytophagocytosis. These new antibodies warrant further evaluation in controlled trials. Kinase inhibitors and Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Therapy are promising new treatments. Finally, recent studies have demonstrated that allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation can increase survival and quality of life in patients with advanced CTCL.