Inversion of the latitudinal diversity gradient at high taxonomic level in liverworts revealed by a phylogenetically deconstructive approach.

IF 3.6 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Jian Wang, Zun Dai, Thibault Kasprzyk, Xue Yao, Anders Hagborg, Lars Söderström, Jian Zhang, Alain Vanderpoorten, Flavien Collart
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and aims: Like numerous patterns in ecology and evolution, the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient (LDG) varies across phylogenetic levels. Yet, studies that systematically investigate how patterns and processes change at different phylogenetic levels, from the tips to the root, are still relatively scarce. Here, we test the hypothesis that, despite the high long-distance dispersal capacities of liverworts, which would expectedly result in the homogenization of their distributions, an increase of diversity with latitude persists at increasing phylogenetic level due to macroclimatic niche conservatism since the earliest evolutionary history of the group.

Methods: Liverwort distributions were scored for 450 operational geographic units (OGU) world-wide. From the tips to the root, the phylogeny was continuously sliced to examine how taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity correlate with latitude in a standardized way. Taxonomic diversity and Mean Phylogenetic Distance among taxa were computed for each OGU at different phylogenetic levels and correlated with macro-ecological factors using spatial linear models.

Key results: The correlation between taxonomic diversity and latitude progressively shifted from significantly negative at species level to unsignificant and then significantly positive at the highest phylogenetic levels. Taxonomic diversity and MPD were both significantly correlated with macro-climatic factors across all phylogenetic levels.

Conclusions: In contrast with the marked increase of angiosperm family diversity towards the tropics, the latitudinal diversity gradient evidenced at species level in liverworts progressively decayed at increasing phylogenetic level, suggesting that phylogenetic niche conservatism has played a much weaker role in liverworts than in angiosperms. The inverted latitudinal diversity gradient towards the deepest phylogenetic levels lends support to the hypothesis that the earliest lineages diversified in extra-tropical conditions, explaining why, unlike in angiosperms, high species richness in the tropics is not associated with high phylogenetic diversity in liverworts. Our results highlight the extent to which a phylogenetically deconstructive approach allows for a better understanding of the accumulation of biodiversity through time.

用系统发育解构方法揭示地精在高分类水平上的纬向多样性梯度反转。
背景与目的:与生态学和进化中的许多模式一样,纬度多样性梯度(LDG)在系统发育水平上也存在差异。然而,系统地调查模式和过程如何在不同的系统发育水平上变化的研究,从尖端到根部,仍然相对较少。在这里,我们验证了这样一个假设,即尽管苔类具有较高的远距离传播能力,这将导致它们分布的同质化,但由于自该群体最早的进化史以来,宏观气候生态位的保守性,其多样性随着纬度的增加而持续在不断增加的系统发育水平上增加。方法:对全球450个业务地理单位(OGU)的Liverwort分布进行评分。从尖端到根部,系统发育连续切片,以标准化的方式检查分类和系统发育多样性如何与纬度相关。利用空间线性模型计算各OGU在不同系统发育水平上的分类多样性和平均系统发育距离,并与宏观生态因子进行相关性分析。主要结果:分类学多样性与纬度的相关性在物种水平上呈显著负相关,在最高系统发育水平上呈不显著正相关。在所有系统发育水平上,分类多样性和MPD均与宏观气候因子显著相关。结论:与被子植物科多样性向热带方向的显著增加相反,在种水平上的纬度多样性梯度随着系统发育水平的增加而逐渐衰减,表明系统发育生态位保守性在被子植物中的作用远弱于在被子植物中的作用。向最深的系统发育水平倒置的纬度多样性梯度支持了最早的谱系在热带外条件下多样化的假设,解释了为什么与被子植物不同,热带地区的高物种丰富度与苔类的高系统发育多样性无关。我们的结果突出了系统发育解构方法可以更好地理解生物多样性随时间积累的程度。
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来源期刊
Annals of botany
Annals of botany 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
4.80%
发文量
138
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Annals of Botany is an international plant science journal publishing novel and rigorous research in all areas of plant science. It is published monthly in both electronic and printed forms with at least two extra issues each year that focus on a particular theme in plant biology. The Journal is managed by the Annals of Botany Company, a not-for-profit educational charity established to promote plant science worldwide. The Journal publishes original research papers, invited and submitted review articles, ''Research in Context'' expanding on original work, ''Botanical Briefings'' as short overviews of important topics, and ''Viewpoints'' giving opinions. All papers in each issue are summarized briefly in Content Snapshots , there are topical news items in the Plant Cuttings section and Book Reviews . A rigorous review process ensures that readers are exposed to genuine and novel advances across a wide spectrum of botanical knowledge. All papers aim to advance knowledge and make a difference to our understanding of plant science.
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