Health-promoting benefits of the wild mushroom Suillus mediterraneensis (Jacquet. & J. Blum) Redeuilh, collected from Algeria: Myco-chemical investigation and bioactive properties

Abstract

Suillus mediterraneensis is a valuable resource, and its bioactive compounds and pharmacological activities provide a useful therapeutic ingredient. In this context, the present work focuses on the investigation of their mycochemical constituents in relation to their bioactive properties. Four extracts: hydro-methanolic, hexane, dichloromethane and mixture of solvents were examined. Cytotoxicity was tested as a first step to assess the safety using hemolytic test. The hydro-methanolic and mixture of solvents extracts contain powerful antioxidants as phenolic, flavonoid and condensed tannin (76.20 ± 5.47 and 59.53 ± 2.35 µg GAE/mg extract), (13.27 ± 1.39 and 9.11 ± 0.25 µg CE/mg extract) and (19.17 ± 2.89 and 18.92 ± 1.26 µg CE/mg extract) respectively. All extracts were found to have weak hemolytic actions. Hydro-methanolic extract displayed a high antioxidant property against DPPH (IC₅₀: 50.56 ± 2.60 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC₅₀: 44.53 ± 3.46 µg/mL). The mixture of solvents extract possessed better FRAP power (EC₅₀: 89.67 ± 5.13 µg/mL), also it exerted the strongest anti-hemolytic potential (HT₅₀: 192.44 ± 2.16 min at 200 µg/mL). The anti-inflammatory assay by inhibition of protein denaturation revealed that both extracts hydro-methanolic and mixture of solvents at 1500 μg/ml showed evidence of activity compared to diclofenac (71.37 ± 1.80%), (70.20 ± 1.80%) and (98.43 ± 0.52%) respectively. Heat-induced hemolysis assessed that hydro-methanolic, dichloromethane and mixture of solvents at 1000 μg/ml compared to acetyl salicylic acid demonstrated a promising protection (48.89 ± 1.10%), (46.28 ± 1.49%), (43.46 ± 3.67%) and (91.7 ± 0.99%) respectively. PCA and HCA analysis were applied in consideration of their bioactive compounds and biological abilities. The mixture of solvents and hydro-methanol extracts shows a promising anti-inflammatory and anti-hemolytic potential as one of the beneficial functions.

Graphical Abstract