Frontal polymerization of high-performance glass fiber epoxy composites with high fiber volume fraction

IF 6.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Communications Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI:10.1016/j.coco.2025.102381

Zhikang He, Rulin Shen, Taizhi Liu, Shuqi He, Yanling Gong

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Abstract

Manufacturing high-performance glass fiber epoxy composites (GFRP) through radical-induced cationic frontal polymerization (RICFP) is challenging. Achieving high fiber content is difficult due to low resin levels and inadequate chemical reactivity. This study systematically investigates the effects of ultraviolet (UV) light and local thermal initiation on RICFP using bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) epoxy resin as the substrate. The preferred initiation method was identified, and the enthalpy change and thermal equilibrium of the resin's RICFP reaction were effectively controlled by optimizing preheating conditions, resin composition, and the initiator ratio. A method for preparing high-fiber-volume GFRP via RICFP was also proposed. Experimental results revealed that GFRP prepared by UV-initiated RICFP exhibited a 13.8 % increase in flexural strength, alongside an 11.8 % reduction in frontal temperature compared to local thermal initiation. By optimizing the resin composition for the RICFP process, a fiber volume fraction of up to 52 % was achieved. The frontal polymerization specimen's flexural strength increased by 27.7 % and 28.7 %, while its interlaminar fracture toughness improved by 11.9 % and 50.9 %, respectively, compared to the two thermal curing specimens (SEP-Heat Cured and BADGE-Heat Cured). Furthermore, dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA) demonstrated significant enhancements in the glass transition temperature, with increases of 69.14 % and 139.53 %, respectively. This study provides both a theoretical foundation and technical guidelines for the RICFP process, aiming to produce high-performance GFRP with a high fiber volume fraction.

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高纤维体积分数高性能玻璃纤维环氧复合材料的正面聚合

通过自由基诱导阳离子正面聚合（RICFP）制备高性能玻璃纤维环氧复合材料（GFRP）具有挑战性。由于树脂含量低和化学反应性不足，实现高纤维含量是困难的。本研究以双酚A二甘油酯（BADGE）环氧树脂为底物，系统地研究了紫外线（UV）光和局部热引发对RICFP的影响。确定了优选的引发方法，通过优化预热条件、树脂组成和引发剂配比，有效地控制了树脂RICFP反应的焓变和热平衡。提出了一种利用RICFP制备高纤维体积GFRP的方法。实验结果表明，与局部热引发相比，由紫外线引发的RICFP制备的GFRP的弯曲强度增加了13.8%，同时锋面温度降低了11.8%。通过优化RICFP工艺的树脂组成，纤维体积分数达到52%。与两种热固化试样（sep -热固化和badge -热固化）相比，正面聚合试样的抗弯强度分别提高了27.7%和28.7%，层间断裂韧性分别提高了11.9%和50.9%。此外，动态热力学分析（DMA）表明，玻璃化转变温度显著提高，分别提高了69.14%和139.53%。本研究为RICFP工艺提供了理论基础和技术指导，旨在生产高纤维体积分数的高性能GFRP。

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来源期刊

Composites Communications Materials Science-Ceramics and Composites

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

10.00%

发文量

340

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： Composites Communications (Compos. Commun.) is a peer-reviewed journal publishing short communications and letters on the latest advances in composites science and technology. With a rapid review and publication process, its goal is to disseminate new knowledge promptly within the composites community. The journal welcomes manuscripts presenting creative concepts and new findings in design, state-of-the-art approaches in processing, synthesis, characterization, and mechanics modeling. In addition to traditional fiber-/particulate-reinforced engineering composites, it encourages submissions on composites with exceptional physical, mechanical, and fracture properties, as well as those with unique functions and significant application potential. This includes biomimetic and bio-inspired composites for biomedical applications, functional nano-composites for thermal management and energy applications, and composites designed for extreme service environments.