Multifunctional bioactivity of the [Cu(en)(Im)2](ClO4)2 complex: Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anticancer effects

The Microbe Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI:10.1016/j.microb.2025.100307

Kandeeban Parthiban , Ganeshraja Ayyakannu Sundaram , Dhanraj Ganapathy

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Abstract

This study investigates the multifunctional bioactivity of the [Cu(en)(Im)₂](ClO₄)₂ complex, highlighting its antimicrobial and anticancer potential. The complex exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with zone of inhibition (ZOI) values ranging from 10 to 21 mm against clinically relevant pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. Notably, the ZOI for Escherichia coli reached 18 mm at 100 μL, comparable to chloramphenicol (17 mm), while its antifungal activity against Candida albicans (21 mm at 100 μL) approached that of fluconazole (29 mm). Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis revealed statistically significant antimicrobial effects (p < 0.01) against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans, with notable inhibition (p < 0.05) observed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans, and Escherichia coli. The complex also exhibited strong antibiofilm activity, reducing biofilm biomass by 91 % at 0.1 mM. Furthermore, the MTT assay confirmed the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of the complex against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, while selectivity index (SI) analysis showed an IC₅₀ of 243 μM for normal HGF cells and 197 μM for MCF-7 cells (SI = 1.23), suggesting only a slight preferential toxicity toward cancer cells, which remains limited compared to standard chemotherapeutics such as Cisplatin (SI = 0.91). These findings underscore the [Cu(en)(Im)₂](ClO₄)₂ complex as a promising antimicrobial and anticancer agent, warranting further structural optimization to enhance selectivity and therapeutic efficacy.

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[Cu(en)(Im)2](ClO4)2配合物的多功能生物活性：抗菌、抗生物膜和抗癌作用

本研究研究了[Cu(en)(Im)2](ClO4)2配合物的多功能生物活性，重点研究了其抗菌和抗癌潜力。该复合物显示出显著的抗菌活性，对临床相关病原体的抑制区（ZOI）值为10 ~ 21 mm，包括铜绿假单胞菌、变形链球菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和白色念珠菌。值得注意的是，在100 μL时，对大肠杆菌的ZOI达到18 mm，与氯霉素（17 mm）相当，而对白色念珠菌的抗真菌活性（100 μL时21 mm）接近氟康唑（29 mm）。最低抑菌浓度（MIC）分析显示，对金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和白色念珠菌的抑菌效果具有统计学意义（p <； 0.01），对铜绿假单胞菌、变形链球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌效果显著（p <； 0.05）。该复合物还表现出较强的抗生物膜活性，在0.1 mM时可使生物膜生物量减少91% %。此外，MTT分析证实了该复合物对MCF-7乳腺癌细胞的剂量依赖性细胞毒性，而选择性指数（SI）分析显示，正常HGF细胞的IC₅₀为243 μM， MCF-7细胞的IC₅₀为197 μM (SI = 1.23)，表明对癌细胞只有轻微的优先毒性，与标准化疗药物如顺铂（SI = 0.91）相比仍然有限。这些发现强调了[Cu(en)(Im)2](ClO4)2配合物是一种很有前途的抗菌和抗癌药物，需要进一步优化结构以提高选择性和治疗效果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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The Microbe

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