Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Sorghum mutant genotypes revealed through genetic Characterization

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI:10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100501

Abera Takele , Tesfaye Disasa , Tileye Feyissa , Alemu Lencho , Chemeda Birhanu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a climate-resilient cereal vital for food security, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Understanding the molecular characterization of sorghum mutant genotypes is crucial for crop improvement, yet their genetic diversity and population structure remain poorly understood. This study assessed 190 randomly selected mutant genotypes from 2000 M₂ lines generated via Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) treatment, alongside two parental lines, using 10 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. Key diversity metrics, including polymorphic information content (PIC), genetic diversity (GD), and allelic richness (Ar), were analyzed. The SSR analysis revealed significant polymorphism, with mean values of 0.84 (PIC), 0.83 (GD), and 6.41 (Ar), indicating substantial genetic variation. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed that 97 % of genetic variation occurred among individuals, with only 2 % and 1 % attributed to population and within-individual variations, respectively. The high within-population variation suggests extensive genetic diversity due to mutagenesis and selection. Despite this, moderate population divergence was observed, indicating genetic relatedness among groups. Cluster analysis identified two distinct genetic groups, with most clusters containing mutants from both parental lines, reflecting shared ancestry. Several mutants with high genetic diversity were identified as promising candidates for multi-location agronomic trials, particularly for drought resilience and yield stability. These findings highlight the potential of these genotypes for breeding programs aimed at enhancing sorghum resilience and productivity.

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通过遗传鉴定揭示高粱突变基因型的遗传多样性和群体结构

高粱（Sorghum bicolor， L.）小麦是一种具有气候适应能力的谷物，对粮食安全至关重要，尤其是在干旱和半干旱地区。了解高粱突变基因型的分子特征对作物改良至关重要，但对其遗传多样性和群体结构的了解仍然很少。本研究利用10个SSR （Simple Sequence Repeat）标记，对2000个经甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）处理的M2品系和2个亲本随机选择的190个突变基因型进行了评估。分析了主要多样性指标，包括多态性信息含量（PIC）、遗传多样性（GD）和等位基因丰富度（Ar）。SSR分析显示多态性显著，PIC均值为0.84，GD均值为0.83，Ar均值为6.41，表明存在较大的遗传变异。分子变异分析（AMOVA）表明，97%的遗传变异发生在个体之间，分别只有2%和1%归因于群体和个体内变异。种群内的高变异表明，由于诱变和选择，遗传多样性广泛存在。尽管如此，适度的群体差异被观察到，表明群体之间的遗传亲缘关系。聚类分析确定了两个不同的遗传群体，大多数聚类包含来自两个亲本系的突变体，反映了共同的祖先。一些具有高遗传多样性的突变体被确定为多地点农艺试验的有希望的候选者，特别是在抗旱性和产量稳定性方面。这些发现突出了这些基因型在旨在提高高粱抗逆性和生产力的育种计划中的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Plant Gene Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

51 days

期刊介绍： Plant Gene publishes papers that focus on the regulation, expression, function and evolution of genes in plants, algae and other photosynthesizing organisms (e.g., cyanobacteria), and plant-associated microorganisms. Plant Gene strives to be a diverse plant journal and topics in multiple fields will be considered for publication. Although not limited to the following, some general topics include: Gene discovery and characterization, Gene regulation in response to environmental stress (e.g., salinity, drought, etc.), Genetic effects of transposable elements, Genetic control of secondary metabolic pathways and metabolic enzymes. Herbal Medicine - regulation and medicinal properties of plant products, Plant hormonal signaling, Plant evolutionary genetics, molecular evolution, population genetics, and phylogenetics, Profiling of plant gene expression and genetic variation, Plant-microbe interactions (e.g., influence of endophytes on gene expression; horizontal gene transfer studies; etc.), Agricultural genetics - biotechnology and crop improvement.