Dairy-farm micro-energy system optimal planning and operation: Driven by dynamic coordination approach to material output and energy demand

Abstract

With the modernization progress of large-scale dairy farms, the demands for eco-friendly operation are becoming increasingly stringent. Some existing farms and those in the early development stages, characterized by underutilized manure, imbalances in electricity supply and demand, and potentially insufficiently considered scalability, are particularly sensitive to these requirements. To address these issues, this paper presents a model characterizing the dynamic coordinated material and energy by analyzing the various cattle growth stages influence, based on specific energy-material requirements in dairy farm. Furthermore, the energy-material cycle of farms is studied to reveal its impacts on the performance of dairy farm micro-energy system(DFMES). Integrating these findings, an optimized planning and operational method for DFMES is proposed, aiming to enhance the initial setup and meet long-term efficiency goals. Case studies from dairy farm in East and Northeast China validate the method, highlighting its effective support for low-carbon operations and efficient energy conversion in dairy farms.