Recent Status of Low-Birth-Weight Infants in Japan.

IF 1 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cureus Pub Date : 2025-03-22 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI:10.7759/cureus.81008
Shunji Suzuki, Atsuo Itakura, Jun Takeda, Naho Morisaki
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Abstract

Objective In this study, we examined the recent trends in neonatal birth weight in Japan with the precise gestational age distinctions of 39 weeks, which is the period internationally considered to be the most optimal for delivery based on the perinatal outcomes. Materials and methods Firstly, we calculated the frequency of low-birth-weight (LBW) infants beyond 22 weeks of gestation in Japan using the birth notifications from 2000, 2010, and 2020. Secondary, we analyzed the birth weight trends of the first singleton male and female infants born to primiparous women at 39 weeks of gestation. Results The frequency of LBW infants increased significantly in 2010 compared to 2000 (odds ratio 1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.12-1.14, p < 0.01); however, it decreased significantly in 2020 (odds ratio 0.952, 95% confidence interval 0.943-0.961, p < 0.01), although it did not reach the level in 2000 (p < 0.01). The average neonatal birth weight born to primiparous women at 39 weeks of gestation in 2010 was significantly lower than in 2000 (p < 0.01); however, in 2020 it was significantly higher than in 2000 although some differences were observed between the neonatal sexes (p < 0.01). Conclusion The frequency of LBW infants has been declining from 2010 to 2020 in Japan. In addition, the average neonatal birth weight born to primiparous women at 39 weeks of gestation in 2020 was significantly higher than in 2010.

日本低出生体重儿的现状
目的在本研究中,我们研究了日本新生儿出生体重的最新趋势,并精确区分了39周的胎龄,这是国际上认为基于围产期结果的最佳分娩期。材料与方法首先,利用2000年、2010年和2020年的出生报告,计算日本22周以上低出生体重儿(LBW)的发生频率。其次,我们分析了初产妇在妊娠39周时所生的第一个单胎男婴和女婴的出生体重趋势。结果2010年低体重儿发生率较2000年显著增加(优势比1.13,95%可信区间1.12 ~ 1.14,p < 0.01);2020年虽未达到2000年水平(p < 0.01),但显著下降(比值比0.952,95%可信区间0.943 ~ 0.961,p < 0.01)。2010年初产妇39周新生儿平均出生体重显著低于2000年(p < 0.01);然而,2020年新生儿死亡率显著高于2000年,尽管新生儿性别之间存在一些差异(p < 0.01)。结论2010 ~ 2020年,日本低体重儿发生率呈下降趋势。此外,2020年妊娠39周的初产妇平均新生儿出生体重明显高于2010年。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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