Assessment of Physical Fitness Following a 12-Week Physical Exercise Program Among Adults Attending Wellness Centers at the Primary Health Care Corporation, Qatar: A Retrospective Study.

IF 1 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cureus Pub Date : 2025-03-24 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI:10.7759/cureus.81096
Anees A Alyafei, Aysha H Hussein, Hind Daoud Abdel Haleem AlDaoud, Stephanie E Escarmoso, Sara Tariq Al Abdulla
{"title":"Assessment of Physical Fitness Following a 12-Week Physical Exercise Program Among Adults Attending Wellness Centers at the Primary Health Care Corporation, Qatar: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Anees A Alyafei, Aysha H Hussein, Hind Daoud Abdel Haleem AlDaoud, Stephanie E Escarmoso, Sara Tariq Al Abdulla","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81096","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Physical fitness (PF) is a critical determinant of health, influencing cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, and overall metabolic function. In Qatar, sedentary lifestyles and physical inactivity are prevalent, contributing to increasing rates of obesity and non-communicable diseases. Structured physical exercise programs, integrated into community wellness centers, offer a practical intervention to improve PF, yet their real-world effectiveness remains under-evaluated in the local context. Methods This retrospective study analyzed data from 739 adults who completed a 12-week structured physical exercise program at seven wellness centers operated by Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), Qatar, between January 2022 and December 2023. The program consisted of three weekly supervised sessions combining aerobic and resistance exercises, with heart rate monitored to maintain moderate intensity (≥70% of maximum heart rate). Pre- and post-program assessments measured VO<sub>2</sub> max (using the Cooper 12-minute test), muscular endurance (push-ups, wall sit, plank), and anthropometric data of weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and fat mass. Paired t-tests assessed changes in the means before and after the physical exercise program, and correlation analysis explored relationships between fitness improvements and demographic or anthropometric factors. Results After 12 weeks, VO<sub>2</sub> max increased significantly (mean difference = 2.47 mL/kg/min; p < 0.001), alongside improvements in muscular endurance (push-ups: +4 reps; wall sit: +18 seconds; plank: +16.77 seconds; all p < 0.001). Significant reductions were observed in weight (-0.95 kg), BMI (-0.27 kg/m²), WC (men: -0.99 cm; women: -2.34 cm), and fat mass (-1.42 kg) (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed a weak negative correlation between age and VO<sub>2</sub> max change (r = 0.061), indicating that younger participants tended to show more remarkable aerobic improvement. Higher BMI and fat mass also correlated negatively with VO<sub>2</sub> max gains (r = -0.094 and r = -0.083, respectively). At the same time, gender showed minimal correlation with fitness changes, suggesting that baseline body composition and age influence exercise response more than sex. Conclusion The structured 12-week exercise program significantly improved PF among adults in community wellness settings. These findings support integrating exercise prescriptions into primary care, to enhance population-level fitness and prevent chronic disease in Qatar.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81096"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932667/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cureus","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.81096","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/3/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background Physical fitness (PF) is a critical determinant of health, influencing cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, and overall metabolic function. In Qatar, sedentary lifestyles and physical inactivity are prevalent, contributing to increasing rates of obesity and non-communicable diseases. Structured physical exercise programs, integrated into community wellness centers, offer a practical intervention to improve PF, yet their real-world effectiveness remains under-evaluated in the local context. Methods This retrospective study analyzed data from 739 adults who completed a 12-week structured physical exercise program at seven wellness centers operated by Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), Qatar, between January 2022 and December 2023. The program consisted of three weekly supervised sessions combining aerobic and resistance exercises, with heart rate monitored to maintain moderate intensity (≥70% of maximum heart rate). Pre- and post-program assessments measured VO2 max (using the Cooper 12-minute test), muscular endurance (push-ups, wall sit, plank), and anthropometric data of weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and fat mass. Paired t-tests assessed changes in the means before and after the physical exercise program, and correlation analysis explored relationships between fitness improvements and demographic or anthropometric factors. Results After 12 weeks, VO2 max increased significantly (mean difference = 2.47 mL/kg/min; p < 0.001), alongside improvements in muscular endurance (push-ups: +4 reps; wall sit: +18 seconds; plank: +16.77 seconds; all p < 0.001). Significant reductions were observed in weight (-0.95 kg), BMI (-0.27 kg/m²), WC (men: -0.99 cm; women: -2.34 cm), and fat mass (-1.42 kg) (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed a weak negative correlation between age and VO2 max change (r = 0.061), indicating that younger participants tended to show more remarkable aerobic improvement. Higher BMI and fat mass also correlated negatively with VO2 max gains (r = -0.094 and r = -0.083, respectively). At the same time, gender showed minimal correlation with fitness changes, suggesting that baseline body composition and age influence exercise response more than sex. Conclusion The structured 12-week exercise program significantly improved PF among adults in community wellness settings. These findings support integrating exercise prescriptions into primary care, to enhance population-level fitness and prevent chronic disease in Qatar.

求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信