To feel is to heal-introduction to Emotional Awareness and Expression Therapy.

Abstract

Background: Persistent physical symptoms (PPS), including (primary) pain, can, according to Emotional Awareness and Expression Therapy (EAET), be precipitated, perpetuated, and prolonged by emotional processes related to unresolved trauma and psychosocial conflicts. EAET is a novel, short-term, psychodynamic- and emotion-focused psychological treatment that targets these etiological factors, intending to substantially reduce or eliminate pain and/or somatic symptoms.

Objective: This article provides an overview of EAET's theoretical background, core treatment principles, and empirical evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in alleviating somatic symptoms in people with PPS. Moreover, the potential of EAET and future research directions are discussed.

Methods: We report a selective literature review synthesizing the foundations and treatment characteristics of EAET and the findings from RCTs investigating EAET since 2017.

Results: Grounded in psychodynamic theory, with influences from affective neuroscience and emotion-focused therapy, the core treatment principles are reframing symptom explanations, fostering emotional processing, and facilitating corrective interpersonal experiences. EAET has been implemented in various formats, including individual therapy, group therapy, and internet-administered self-help. Since 2017, seven RCTs have been published, demonstrating efficacy in reducing symptoms, which appears superior to cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Conclusion: EAET is particularly effective for treating chronic (primary) pain conditions such as fibromyalgia and musculoskeletal pain. However, further studies are required to evaluate its long-term efficacy, determine patient characteristics associated with positive outcomes, and better understand its most active mechanisms.