The relationship between excess sodium intake and metabolic syndrome: Worth consideration?

IF 4.4 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

European Journal of Clinical Investigation Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI:10.1111/eci.70036

Baris Afsar, Rengin Elsurer Afsar, Said Mowaffaq, Geetha Maddukuri, Krista L Lentine

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing worldwide. The change in nutrition and eating patterns contributes partly to this rise. On the other hand, increased sodium intake is common in most of the world. There are some studies showing that increased sodium intake may be associated with MetS.

Methods: To provide an overview of the current evidence regarding the relationship between excess sodium/salt intake and MetS, we performed a literature search of PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Google Scholar until October 2024 to recruit studies examining the relationship between sodium/salt intake and MetS.

Results: Our review showed that most but not all cross-sectional studies have shown that excess sodium/salt intake is associated with the presence of MetS. Additionally, few longitudinal studies also demonstrated that excess sodium intake is related with the development of new MetS. These studies are mostly observational, and mechanistic studies explaining underlying mechanisms are lacking. The most correlated components of MetS associated with high salt intake were blood pressure and waist circumference, while the correlations between HDL-C, TG and FG were variable.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that excess sodium/salt intake may be a risk factor for the development of MetS.

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过量钠摄入与代谢综合征的关系：值得考虑吗？

背景：代谢综合征（MetS）的患病率在世界范围内呈上升趋势。营养和饮食模式的改变是造成这一增长的部分原因。另一方面，钠摄入量的增加在世界上大部分地区都很常见。有一些研究表明，钠摄入量的增加可能与代谢相关。方法：为了提供关于过量钠/盐摄入与MetS之间关系的现有证据的概述，我们进行了PubMed/Medline， Web of Science和谷歌Scholar的文献检索，直到2024年10月，以招募研究钠/盐摄入与MetS之间关系的研究。结果：我们的综述显示，大多数但不是所有的横断面研究表明，过量的钠/盐摄入与MetS的存在有关。此外，很少有纵向研究也表明，过量的钠摄入与新的MetS的发展有关。这些研究大多是观察性的，缺乏解释潜在机制的机制研究。与高盐摄入相关的代谢当量最相关的成分是血压和腰围，而HDL-C、TG和FG之间的相关性是可变的。结论：这些发现表明过量的钠/盐摄入可能是met发生的一个危险因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Clinical Investigation 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

3.60%

发文量

192

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： EJCI considers any original contribution from the most sophisticated basic molecular sciences to applied clinical and translational research and evidence-based medicine across a broad range of subspecialties. The EJCI publishes reports of high-quality research that pertain to the genetic, molecular, cellular, or physiological basis of human biology and disease, as well as research that addresses prevalence, diagnosis, course, treatment, and prevention of disease. We are primarily interested in studies directly pertinent to humans, but submission of robust in vitro and animal work is also encouraged. Interdisciplinary work and research using innovative methods and combinations of laboratory, clinical, and epidemiological methodologies and techniques is of great interest to the journal. Several categories of manuscripts (for detailed description see below) are considered: editorials, original articles (also including randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses), reviews (narrative reviews), opinion articles (including debates, perspectives and commentaries); and letters to the Editor.