The Unique Ethnicity-Specific Aspects of Burden, Pathogenesis and Management of Prediabetes: Insights from Africa.

IF 5.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Current Diabetes Reports Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI:10.1007/s11892-025-01581-7

Nancy Kunyiha, Rilwan Adan, Rosslyn Ngugi, Jacqueline Odhiambo, Sairabanu Mohamedrashid Sokwalla

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purposeof review: Prediabetes poses a significant risk of developing diabetes and it's complications. Africa faces specific challenges, hindering early recognition and management of prediabetes. We aimed to understand unique, ethnicity specific aspects of the burden, pathogenesis and management of prediabetes in Africa.

Recent findings: The rate of progression from prediabetes to diabetes is higher in African, compared to European populations. Prediabetes in Africans is driven mainly by hyperinsulinemia and reduced hepatic clearance causing obesity and insulin resistance, rather than impaired insulin sensitivity. High risk, difficult to reach individuals in lower socioeconomic strata, benefited from community versus facility-based screening. Intensive lifestyle changes with low calorie or low fat-high fiber diet provide longer lasting effect versus drug monotherapy. Using structured community-based screening, early detection of prediabetes is achievable, requiring dedicated stakeholder engagement. Further research into the etiology and sequencing of pathogenetic anomalies and preventive strategies in African populations is needed.

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糖尿病前期的负担、发病机制和管理的独特的种族特异性方面：来自非洲的见解。

综述目的：前驱糖尿病具有显著的发展为糖尿病及其并发症的风险。非洲面临着特殊的挑战，阻碍了糖尿病前期的早期识别和管理。我们的目的是了解独特的，种族特定方面的负担，发病机制和管理的前驱糖尿病在非洲。最近的研究发现：与欧洲人相比，非洲人从糖尿病前期发展为糖尿病的比率更高。非洲人的前驱糖尿病主要是由高胰岛素血症和肝脏清除率降低导致肥胖和胰岛素抵抗引起的，而不是胰岛素敏感性受损。高风险，难以接触到社会经济阶层较低的个体，受益于基于社区和基于设施的筛查。与药物单一疗法相比，低热量或低脂肪高纤维饮食的密集生活方式改变提供更持久的效果。通过基于社区的结构化筛查，可以实现早期发现糖尿病前期，这需要利益相关者的专门参与。需要进一步研究非洲人群中发病异常的病因和测序以及预防策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Diabetes Reports 医学 -

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The goal of this journal is to publish cutting-edge reviews on subjects pertinent to all aspects of diabetes epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management. We aim to provide incisive, insightful, and balanced contributions from leading experts in each relevant domain that will be of immediate interest to a wide readership of clinicians, basic scientists, and translational investigators. We accomplish this aim by appointing major authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the discipline. Section Editors select topics to be reviewed by leading experts who emphasize recent developments and highlight important papers published over the past year on their topics, in a crisp and readable format. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of internationally diverse members suggests topics of special interest to their country/region and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research.