Observation of Gravity Waves Generated by Convection and the “Moving Mountain” Mechanism During Stratéole-2 Campaigns and Their Impact on the QBO

IF 3.8 2区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Milena Corcos, Martina Bramberger, M. Joan Alexander, Albert Hertzog, Chuntao Liu, Corwin Wright
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Abstract

Convective gravity waves are important for the forcing of the quasi biennial oscillation (QBO). There is a wave component that is stationary with respect to the convective cells that is triggered by convection acting like a barrier to the background flow (moving mountain mechanism). Waves from this mechanism have only been observed in a few case studies and are not parameterized in climate models. However, the representation of the whole spectrum of gravity waves is crucial for the simulation of the QBO, especially in the lowermost stratosphere (below 50 hPa) where the QBO amplitudes are under-estimated in current global circulation models. In this study, we present analysis of convective gravity wave observations from superpressure balloons in boreal winter 2019 and 2021, retrieving phase speeds, momentum fluxes, and drag. We also identify waves generated by the moving mountain mechanism using the theory of the Beres scheme as a basis. These waves do not have a specific period, but are of smaller horizontal scale, on average around 300 km, which is similar to the scale of convective systems. Our results show that gravity waves contribute up to 2/3 to the QBO forcing below 50 hPa and waves from the moving mountain mechanism are responsible for up to 10% of this forcing.

Abstract Image

strat -2运动期间对流和“移山”机制产生的重力波观测及其对QBO的影响
对流重力波对准两年一次振荡(QBO)有重要的强迫作用。有一个相对于对流单体来说是静止的波分量,它是由对流触发的,对流就像背景气流的屏障(移动山机制)。这一机制产生的波浪仅在少数案例研究中观测到,并且没有在气候模式中参数化。然而,对于QBO的模拟来说,整个重力波谱的表示是至关重要的,特别是在平流层的最底层(低于50 hPa),目前的全球环流模式低估了QBO的振幅。在这项研究中,我们分析了2019年和2021年北方冬季超压气球的对流重力波观测数据,获取了相速度、动量通量和阻力。我们还利用Beres格式的理论作为基础,识别了由移动山机制产生的波。这些波没有特定的周期,但水平尺度较小,平均在300公里左右,与对流系统的尺度相似。结果表明,重力波对50 hPa以下QBO强迫的贡献高达2/3,而来自移动山机制的波对该强迫的贡献高达10%。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
11.40%
发文量
684
期刊介绍: JGR: Atmospheres publishes articles that advance and improve understanding of atmospheric properties and processes, including the interaction of the atmosphere with other components of the Earth system.
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