Soil Carbon Dioxide Equivalent Emissions and Theoretical Ethanol Yield from Midwestern Bioenergy Systems

IF 3.1 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS
Frank E. Johnson II, Adebukola O. Dada, Shalamar D. Armstrong, Douglas R. Smith, Jeffrey J. Volenec, Sylvie M. Brouder
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Abstract

There has been a significant demand to increase biofuel production and usage in the USA. Bioenergy crops also have the potential to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural systems but crop type (annual vs. perennial) may impact mitigation potential. Objectives of this research were to (1) assess cumulative carbon dioxide equivalence (CO2eq) of annual and perennial crops, (2) evaluate the theoretical ethanol yield (TTEY) from annual and perennial crops, and (3) assess the CO2eq/TTEY ratio (CTR) of annual and perennial crops. This study was conducted from 2008 to 2016 at the Purdue University Water Quality Field Station near West Lafayette, IN. Replicated treatments (n = 4) included continuous corn (CC), continuous sorghum (CS), Miscanthus (MS), switchgrass (SG), and restored prairie (RP). This study calculated CO2eq using CO2 and N2O emissions. To estimate TTEY, yield of stover carbohydrate pools, recovery efficiencies of sugars from cell wall polysaccharides, fermentation efficiency of sugars to ethanol, the theoretical ethanol yield from sugars, and grain (for corn and sorghum) were used. Averaging over the course of the study, the highest annual CO2eq observed were 7.8 and 6.7 Mg CO2-C ha−1 year−1 from RP and SG, respectively. Average CO2eq for CC, CS, and MS were 5.8, 5.5, and 5.0 Mg CO2-C ha−1 year−1, respectively. The highest and lowest TTEY were observed in MS and RP, yielding 189.4 and 26.7 GJ EtOH ha−1 year−1, respectively. Thus, MS had the lowest CTR out of these treatments. Averaging across plant type, CO2eq, TTEY, and CTR were 6.5 Mg CO2-C ha−1 year−1, 89.8 GJ EtOH ha−1 year−1, and 345 kg CO2-C GJ−1 EtOH, respectively, for perennials, and 5.7 Mg CO2-C ha−1 year−1, 118 GJ EtOH ha−1 year−1, and 52.1 kg CO2-C GJ−1 EtOH, respectively, for annuals. Although these results suggest lower CO2eq, higher TTEY, and lower CTR for annual crops compared to perennials, the mitigation potential of emitted GHGs from perennials in agricultural systems used for biofuel production is also highlighted.

中西部生物能源系统的土壤二氧化碳当量排放和理论乙醇产量
在美国,对增加生物燃料的生产和使用有很大的需求。生物能源作物也具有减缓农业系统温室气体排放的潜力,但作物类型(一年生与多年生)可能会影响减缓潜力。本研究的目的是(1)评估一年生和多年生作物的累积二氧化碳当量(CO2eq),(2)评估一年生和多年生作物的理论乙醇产量(TTEY),(3)评估一年生和多年生作物的CO2eq/TTEY比值(CTR)。这项研究于2008年至2016年在印第安纳州西拉斐特附近的普渡大学水质野外站进行。重复处理(n = 4)包括连作玉米(CC)、连作高粱(CS)、芒草(MS)、柳枝稷(SG)和恢复草原(RP)。本研究使用CO2和N2O排放量计算CO2当量。为了估计TTEY,使用了秸秆碳水化合物池的产量、细胞壁多糖中糖的回收效率、糖对乙醇的发酵效率、糖和谷物(玉米和高粱)的理论乙醇产量。在整个研究过程中,从RP和SG观察到的最高年二氧化碳当量分别为7.8 Mg和6.7 Mg CO2-C ha−1年−1。CC、CS和MS的平均co2当量分别为5.8、5.5和5.0 Mg CO2-C ha−1年−1年。MS和RP的tteh最高和最低,分别为189.4和26.7 GJ EtOH ha - 1年−1年。因此,MS在这些治疗中具有最低的CTR。多年生植物的CO2eq、TTEY和CTR平均值分别为6.5 Mg CO2-C ha−1年−1、89.8 GJ EtOH ha−1年−1和345 kg CO2-C GJ−1 EtOH;一年生植物的平均值分别为5.7 Mg CO2-C ha−1年−1、118 GJ EtOH ha−1年−1和52.1 kg CO2-C GJ−1 EtOH。虽然这些结果表明,与多年生作物相比,一年生作物的二氧化碳当量更低,TTEY更高,CTR更低,但也强调了用于生物燃料生产的多年生作物在农业系统中排放的温室气体的减缓潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
BioEnergy Research
BioEnergy Research ENERGY & FUELS-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
8.30%
发文量
174
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: BioEnergy Research fills a void in the rapidly growing area of feedstock biology research related to biomass, biofuels, and bioenergy. The journal publishes a wide range of articles, including peer-reviewed scientific research, reviews, perspectives and commentary, industry news, and government policy updates. Its coverage brings together a uniquely broad combination of disciplines with a common focus on feedstock biology and science, related to biomass, biofeedstock, and bioenergy production.
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