Mumps-associated hepatitis: A rare clinical presentation

Abstract

Introduction

Mumps is a viral infection that principally affects the salivary glands, but it results in a range of complications, including orchitis, pancreatitis, and meningoencephalitis. Hepatic involvement is exceedingly rare and underreported in adults. Here, we present a peculiar case of mumps-associated hepatitis, highlighting its diagnostic challenges, clinical course, and management.

Case presentation

An unvaccinated 20-year-old male presented with a two-week history of fever, malaise, and bilateral parotid gland swelling, along with nausea, anorexia, and right upper quadrant discomfort. Tender parotid gland enlargement, scleral icterus, and bilateral testicular tenderness were noted on examination. The laboratory results revealed that the liver enzymes were significantly high, with a positive mumps virus IgM serology test; the following conditions were excluded: hepatitis A, B, C, Epstein–Barr, and cytomegalovirus. The patient was treated conservatively through hydration maintenance, pain relief, and rest. Consistent with a self-limiting course of mumps associated with hepatitis, liver functions normalized over four weeks.

Discussion

Mumps virus is an RNA paramyxovirus that affects glandular tissues. Although rare, case reports suggest that transient hepatitis can result from direct viral invasion or immune-mediated injury. The diagnosis requires high clinical suspicion, as symptoms overlap with other causes of viral hepatitis. The main treatment focuses on providing constant supportive care, which is usually sufficient, and the prognosis tends to be favorable.

Conclusion

Hepatitis is a rare but possible complication of mumps, especially in patients who have elevated liver enzymes. This case serves as a reminder that all healthcare professionals must be vigilant in atypical presentations of mumps to guarantee appropriate treatment and avoid unnecessary tests.