Nutrient enrichment by high aquaculture effluent input exacerbates imbalances between methane production and oxidation in mangrove sediments

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123552

Zetao Dai, Yujie Li, Yanlong Zhang, Tao Xiang, Jiarui Peng, Xiangjun Mao, Yifei Fan, Feifei Wang, Shengchang Yang, Wenzhi Cao

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Abstract

Frequent aquaculture activities introduce substantial nutrients into mangrove ecosystems; however, the impact of this nutrient enrichment on methane (CH₄) emissions and the associated microbial communities remains largely unexplored. In this study, we used the static chamber method, combined with 16S rRNA-based, metagenomic sequencing and binning techniques, to investigate the emission patterns of greenhouse gases (GHGs), with a particular focus on CH₄, in mangroves subjected to different levels of effluents. The results showed that the effluent input decreased the mineral protection of sediment carbon (C) pools and increased C loss by more than double. In particular, high effluent input increased CH₄ emissions by 243.3%. Random forest analysis revealed that changes in methanogens were an important factor in explaining the variation of CH₄ emissions. Amplicon data showed that the proportion of methylotrophic methanogens increased after effluent input, and metagenomic binning further attributed this change to the adaptability of methylotrophic methanogens to the substances transporting by the effluent. The enhanced hypoxia in sediments resulting from effluent input promoted the transition of methanotrophic communities from aerobic to anaerobic types, and made anaerobic oxidation of CH₄ more reliant on sulfur reduction rather than nitrate reduction. The PLS model further revealed that the nutrients brought by effluent input stimulated an increase in DOC content which induced an imbalance between CH₄ production and oxidation in sediments by facilitating methanogens but inhibiting methanotrophs, ultimately resulting in an increase in CH₄ fluxes. These findings underscore the significance of mangroves receiving effluent input as critical consequent reactors, highlighting the necessity to consider effects of high nutrient enrichment by aquaculture effluent input on GHG emissions and blue C potential in mangroves.

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.