Co-infection dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory viruses in the 2022/2023 respiratory season in the Netherlands

IF 14.3 1区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI:10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106474

Gesa Carstens , Eva Kozanli , Kirsten Bulsink, Scott A. McDonald, Mansoer Elahi, Jordy de Bakker, Maarten Schipper, Rianne van Gageldonk-Lafeber, Susan van den Hof, Albert Jan van Hoek, Dirk Eggink

{"title":"Co-infection dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory viruses in the 2022/2023 respiratory season in the Netherlands","authors":"Gesa Carstens , Eva Kozanli , Kirsten Bulsink, Scott A. McDonald, Mansoer Elahi, Jordy de Bakker, Maarten Schipper, Rianne van Gageldonk-Lafeber, Susan van den Hof, Albert Jan van Hoek, Dirk Eggink","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106474","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Evaluation of the presence and effect of SARS-CoV-2 co-infections on disease severity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected both symptom data and nose- and throat samples from symptomatic people during the 2022/2023 respiratory season in a large participatory surveillance study in the Netherlands, and tested these for 18 respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. We compared reported health status, symptoms and odds of having a single respiratory viral infection or co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and another respiratory virus.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 4655 samples were included with 22% (n=1017) testing SARS-CoV-2 positive. Of these 11% (n=116) also tested positive for a second respiratory virus. The most frequently occurring co-infections in SARS-CoV-2 positive participants were with rhinovirus (59%; n=69), seasonal coronaviruses (15%; n=17), and adenovirus (7%; n=8). Participants with a co-infection with one of these three viruses did not report more severe disease compared to those with a SARS-CoV-2 mono-infection. The odds of experiencing SARS-CoV-2 co-infection with seasonal coronavirus or rhinovirus were lower compared to the odds of the respective non-SARS-CoV-2 mono-infection (OR: 0.16, CI 95%: 0.10 – 0.24; OR: 0.21 CI 95%: 0.17 – 0.26; respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SARS-CoV-2 co-infections with rhinovirus, seasonal coronavirus, and adenovirus are frequently observed in the general population, but are not associated with more severe disease compared to SARS-CoV-2 mono-infections. Furthermore, we found indications for inter-virus interaction with rhinovirus and seasonal coronavirus, possibly decreasing the risk of co-infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 5","pages":"Article 106474"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Infection","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445325000684","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Evaluation of the presence and effect of SARS-CoV-2 co-infections on disease severity.

Methods

We collected both symptom data and nose- and throat samples from symptomatic people during the 2022/2023 respiratory season in a large participatory surveillance study in the Netherlands, and tested these for 18 respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. We compared reported health status, symptoms and odds of having a single respiratory viral infection or co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and another respiratory virus.

Results

In total, 4655 samples were included with 22% (n=1017) testing SARS-CoV-2 positive. Of these 11% (n=116) also tested positive for a second respiratory virus. The most frequently occurring co-infections in SARS-CoV-2 positive participants were with rhinovirus (59%; n=69), seasonal coronaviruses (15%; n=17), and adenovirus (7%; n=8). Participants with a co-infection with one of these three viruses did not report more severe disease compared to those with a SARS-CoV-2 mono-infection. The odds of experiencing SARS-CoV-2 co-infection with seasonal coronavirus or rhinovirus were lower compared to the odds of the respective non-SARS-CoV-2 mono-infection (OR: 0.16, CI 95%: 0.10 – 0.24; OR: 0.21 CI 95%: 0.17 – 0.26; respectively).

Conclusions

SARS-CoV-2 co-infections with rhinovirus, seasonal coronavirus, and adenovirus are frequently observed in the general population, but are not associated with more severe disease compared to SARS-CoV-2 mono-infections. Furthermore, we found indications for inter-virus interaction with rhinovirus and seasonal coronavirus, possibly decreasing the risk of co-infection.

查看原文本刊更多论文

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Infection 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

45.90

自引率

3.20%

发文量

475

审稿时长

16 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection publishes original papers on all aspects of infection - clinical, microbiological and epidemiological. The Journal seeks to bring together knowledge from all specialties involved in infection research and clinical practice, and present the best work in the ever-changing field of infection. Each issue brings you Editorials that describe current or controversial topics of interest, high quality Reviews to keep you in touch with the latest developments in specific fields of interest, an Epidemiology section reporting studies in the hospital and the general community, and a lively correspondence section.