The role of maternal ABO blood group and malondialdehyde as diagnostic marker in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

Objective: Aim: The aim of research is to assess whether various blood groups can be associated with the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus and if malondialdehyde can be used for the diagnosis of GDM.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A case control study started from September 2022 to June 2023 enrolled 200 pregnant women aged between 15-45 years, cases included 100 patients selectively collected with a confirmed diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus, and 100 were healthy normal in Kerbala obstetrics and gynecology hospital, both patient and controls group categorized according to blood group type.

Results: Results: Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus are mostly of blood group AB in comparison with pregnant women without Gestational diabetes mellitus, and both A and B were significantly higher among control pregnant women, additionally, two groups' blood group O levels were almost identical. Malondialdehyde mean was significantly higher in pregnant women with Gestational diabetes mellitus with p-values 0.001. Statistically significant differences could not be detected in the mean levels of MDA across the various blood groups (p= 0.505).

Conclusion: Conclusions: This research reveals that mother's ABO blood group has a role in the development of GDM and the blood group AB is more likely to develop GDM, blood group A & B are less likely to develop GDM and may be regarded as a protective factor. MDA can be used for the diagnosis of GDM but further studies are required to support this finding.