Canine bilateral zygomatic sialadenitis: 20 cases (2000-2019)

IF 1.9 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Small Animal Practice Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI:10.1111/jsap.13844

A. E. Enache, S. Maini, M. Pivetta, E. Jeanes, L. Fleming, C. Hartley, R. Tetas Pont

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

To describe clinical findings, cross-sectional imaging features, management and outcome of dogs with bilateral zygomatic sialadenitis.

Materials and Methods

Clinical databases of three referral institutions were searched for dogs diagnosed with bilateral zygomatic sialadenitis who underwent magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography of the head. Signalment, history, clinical, laboratory and imaging findings were reviewed.

Results

Twenty dogs with a mean age (±SD) of 7.1 (±2.7) years were included; Labradors were overrepresented (10/20). Common clinical signs included pain on opening the mouth (18/20), conjunctival hyperaemia (16/20), exophthalmos (15/20), periorbital pain (15/20), third eyelid protrusion (11/20) and resistance to retropulsion of the globes (11/20). Fifteen of twenty dogs had at least one concurrent systemic disease: skin allergy (5/15), hypertension (3/15), gastrointestinal (3/15), kidney (3/15), neurological (3/15) and periodontal disease (2/15), pancreatitis (2/15) and neoplasia (2/15). Neutrophilia (9/18) and leukocytosis (7/18) were the most common haematological abnormalities. When performed (11/20), aspiration cytology revealed predominantly degenerate neutrophils (9/11) and only 2/9 culture samples yielded bacterial growth. The zygomatic glands were predominantly hyperintense on both T1 and T2-weighted images (22/24) and symmetrically enlarged (20/24) with marked and heterogeneous contrast enhancement (18/24). In the computed tomography studies, the zygomatic glands were all hyperattenuating and contrast enhancing. Treatment included systemic antimicrobial (18/20), anti-inflammatory (14/20) and supportive treatment (16/20). Clinical signs improved in 16/20 dogs; however, 4/20 dogs were euthanised due to severe systemic disease.

Clinical Significance

Bilateral zygomatic sialadenitis is frequently associated with systemic disease in dogs. Clinical signs generally improve with systemic antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and supportive treatment.

Abstract Image

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犬双侧颧涎腺炎20例（2000-2019）

目的：描述双侧颧骨涎腺炎犬的临床表现、横断面成像特征、治疗和预后。材料与方法：检索三家转诊机构的临床数据库，对诊断为双侧颧涎腺炎的犬进行头部磁共振成像或计算机断层扫描。本文回顾了信号、病史、临床、实验室和影像学表现。结果：入选犬20只，平均年龄（±SD） 7.1（±2.7）岁；拉布拉多犬的比例过高（10/20）。常见临床症状为开口疼痛（18/20）、结膜充血（16/20）、眼球突出（15/20）、眶周疼痛（15/20）、第三眼睑突出（11/20）、眼球不向后推（11/20）。20只狗中有15只至少并发一种全身性疾病：皮肤过敏（5/15）、高血压（3/15）、胃肠道（3/15）、肾脏（3/15）、神经系统（3/15）和牙周病（2/15）、胰腺炎（2/15）和肿瘤（2/15）。中性粒细胞增多（9/18）和白细胞增多（7/18）是最常见的血液学异常。当进行检查时（11/20），吸痰细胞学显示主要是变性中性粒细胞（9/11），只有2/9的培养样本产生细菌生长。颧骨腺在T1和t2加权图像上均以高信号为主（22/24），对称放大（20/24），对比增强明显且不均匀（18/24）。在计算机断层扫描研究中，颧骨腺体均呈高衰减和对比度增强。治疗包括全身抗菌（18/20）、抗炎（14/20）和支持治疗（16/20）。16/20犬临床症状改善；然而，4/20的狗因严重的全身性疾病而被安乐死。临床意义：双侧颧骨涎腺炎常与犬的全身性疾病相关。临床症状一般通过全身抗菌、抗炎和支持治疗而改善。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Small Animal Practice 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

6.20%

发文量

117

审稿时长

12-24 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Small Animal Practice (JSAP) is a monthly peer-reviewed publication integrating clinical research papers and case reports from international sources, covering all aspects of medicine and surgery relating to dogs, cats and other small animals. These papers facilitate the dissemination and implementation of new ideas and techniques relating to clinical veterinary practice, with the ultimate aim of promoting best practice. JSAP publishes high quality original articles, as well as other scientific and educational information. New developments are placed in perspective, encompassing new concepts and peer commentary. The target audience is veterinarians primarily engaged in the practise of small animal medicine and surgery. In addition to original articles, JSAP will publish invited editorials (relating to a manuscript in the same issue or a topic of current interest), review articles, which provide in-depth discussion of important clinical issues, and other scientific and educational information from around the world. The final decision on publication of a manuscript rests with the Editorial Board and ultimately with the Editor. All papers, regardless of type, represent the opinion of the authors and not necessarily that of the Editor, the Association or the Publisher. The Journal of Small Animal Practice is published on behalf of the British Small Animal Veterinary Association and is also the official scientific journal of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association