Patrick Wabuyi, Enoch Muwanguzi, Benson Okongo, Ahmed Bumba, Robert Wagubi, Grace Otekat, Yona Mbalibulha
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Blood Group O donors with high antibody IgG anti-A and anti-B titers of 1:256 or higher was considered high antibody titer and generally referred to as dangerous donors because their plasma has the potential to haemolyse or agglutinate red blood cells in non-Group O recipients. Titration for the IgG anti-A and anti-B prior to transfusion is required to prevent transfusion reactions. There is a monthly blood collection of 5000 blood units per-month with ABO RhD distribution of A 27%, B 20%, O 48%, AB 5%, and Rh(D) negative 2%. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of high-titer immune anti-A and anti-B in blood group O donors at Mbale regional blood bank.
Methods: A total of 382 blood group "O" donors were randomly selected and recruited after obtaining informed consent during the period of May 2022-January 2023. The titration for the anti-A and anti-B hemagglutinins (IgG class) titers was done by use of the tube titration technique. Data were summarized as means, standard deviations, percentages, and frequencies then presented in the form of pie charts and tables.
Results: Of the recruited participants, 270(70.7%) were males. Total number of group O donors with high-titer were 27(7.1%) of which 15(55.5%) were male. The most frequent occurring antibody was Anti-B with 17/27 (62.9%). In male with high titer, anti-B was the most occurring and significantly raised, while anti-A was the most raised in female.
Conclusion: There is a high proportion of blood group O donors having high titers of anti-A and anti-B (dangerous group O donors), with the most raised antibody being anti-A, which compromises the quality and safety of the blood products. We recommend screening for high-titer anti-A and anti-B antibodies in all blood group O donated units to make them safe for transfusion to non-group O recipients, especially where large volumes of plasma are required.
背景：O型血供者的高抗体IgG抗a和抗b滴度为1:256或更高被认为是高抗体滴度，通常被认为是危险的供者，因为他们的血浆有可能溶血或凝集非O组受体的红细胞。输血前需要对IgG抗a和抗b进行滴定，以防止输血反应。每月采血5000个单位，ABO RhD分布为a 27%， B 20%, O 48%, AB 5%, Rh(D)阴性2%。本研究旨在确定Mbale地区血库O型血献血者中高滴度免疫抗a和抗b的患病率。方法：于2022年5月至2023年1月期间，在征得知情同意后，随机抽取382名O型血献血者。抗a、抗b血凝素（IgG类）滴度采用管滴定法测定。数据汇总为均值、标准差、百分比和频率，然后以饼状图和表格的形式呈现。结果：在招募的参与者中，270人（70.7%）为男性。O组高滴度献血者27例（7.1%），其中男性15例（55.5%）。出现最多的抗体是Anti-B，占17/27（62.9%）。在高滴度的男性中，anti-B最多，且显著升高，而在女性中，anti-A升高最多。结论：O型血的献血者中存在高滴度抗a和高滴度抗b抗体（危险的O型献血者）的比例较高，其中抗a抗体升高最多，影响了血液制品的质量和安全。我们建议在所有O型血捐献单位中筛查高滴度抗a和抗b抗体，以确保输血给非O型血受者时的安全性，特别是在需要大量血浆的情况下。
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Blood Medicine is an international, peer-reviewed, open access, online journal publishing laboratory, experimental and clinical aspects of all topics pertaining to blood based medicine including but not limited to: Transfusion Medicine (blood components, stem cell transplantation, apheresis, gene based therapeutics), Blood collection, Donor issues, Transmittable diseases, and Blood banking logistics, Immunohematology, Artificial and alternative blood based therapeutics, Hematology including disorders/pathology related to leukocytes/immunology, red cells, platelets and hemostasis, Biotechnology/nanotechnology of blood related medicine, Legal aspects of blood medicine, Historical perspectives. Original research, short reports, reviews, case reports and commentaries are invited.
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