Tails in Action: Comparative Use of the Prehensile Tail and Substrate in Alouatta macconnelli, Sapajus apella, and Potos flavus

IF 2 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
Arthur Georges Naas, John Bosu Mensah, Pierre-Michel Forget, Éric Guilbert, Anthony Herrel
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Abstract

Arboreal habitats are three-dimensionally complex and are composed of substrates that differ in size, compliance, and continuity. In response, arboreal vertebrates have evolved morphological and behavioral traits allowing them to successfully move through these environments. Prehensile tails constitute one of such adaptations, yet remain poorly studied. Variation in prehensile tail use between species might result in anatomical variations, as has been shown in primates but remains undocumented in most species. The present study, therefore, sought to describe prehensile tail use and substrate type utilization between two primates, the Guianan red howler (Alouatta macconnelli) and Brown capuchin (Sapajus apella) and one carnivoran, the Kinkajou (Potos flavus). To do so, we used 1431 photographs obtained from camera traps placed in the canopy in French Guyana. The results showed that P. flavus exhibits a greater diversity of overall positional and prehensile tail-associated behaviors compared to S. apella and A. macconnelli. Moreover, P. flavus used its tail for both stability and mass-bearing purposes during locomotor and postural behaviors, while A. macconnelli and S. apella used their tails mainly for mass bearing and stability, respectively, and this was only during postural behaviors. P. flavus mostly used large substrates but A. macconnelli used more small substrates. S. apella showed a preference for both medium and large substrates. Multivariate analyses showed that the three species were well discriminated regarding positional behaviors, with P. flavus exhibiting several postural and especially locomotor behaviors not shared by the two primate species, as well as a combination of behaviors shared with either of the two aforementioned species. A. macconnelli was mainly characterized by suspensory posture and vertical displacements, whereas S. apella mainly used above-branch postures using its tail to anchor itself.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.30%
发文量
103
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The objective of the American Journal of Primatology is to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and findings among primatologists and to convey our increasing understanding of this order of animals to specialists and interested readers alike. Primatology is an unusual science in that its practitioners work in a wide variety of departments and institutions, live in countries throughout the world, and carry out a vast range of research procedures. Whether we are anthropologists, psychologists, biologists, or medical researchers, whether we live in Japan, Kenya, Brazil, or the United States, whether we conduct naturalistic observations in the field or experiments in the lab, we are united in our goal of better understanding primates. Our studies of nonhuman primates are of interest to scientists in many other disciplines ranging from entomology to sociology.
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