{"title":"Long-term ammonium nitrate addition strengthens soil microbial cross-trophic interactions in a Tibetan alpine steppe","authors":"Yang Liu, Yuanhe Yang, Ye Deng, Yunfeng Peng","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70057","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global nitrogen (N) enrichment is modifying microbial interactions, which can be represented by network complexity. While a number of studies have explored how N addition influences the microbial intra-trophic network, its effects on the inter-trophic network have rarely been investigated. Here, we examined the effects of 8 years of multilevel N additions (i.e., 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 32 g N m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>) on inter-trophic interactions of soil microbial communities (i.e., protist–fungi, protist–prokaryote and fungi–prokaryote) in a Tibetan alpine steppe. Generally, there was a first increasing and then saturated trend of the complexity of inter-trophic networks along the N-addition gradient, which contrasts with the simplified or minimal response of intra-trophic network complexity reported previously. The intensified cross-trophic interactions were mainly explained by increased plant and litter biomass, which indicates that the N-induced increases in carbon supplies may have alleviated microbial energy limitations and thus resulted in more active metabolic processes, consequently stimulating various biotic interactions (e.g., predation, competition, and commensalism). Further, the enhanced inter-trophic network relationships were found to be associated with increased soil carbon and N mineralization processes. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of microbial cross-trophic interactions and indicate that they should be considered in predictions of ecosystem functioning under global N enrichment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11484,"journal":{"name":"Ecology","volume":"106 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ecology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ecy.70057","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Global nitrogen (N) enrichment is modifying microbial interactions, which can be represented by network complexity. While a number of studies have explored how N addition influences the microbial intra-trophic network, its effects on the inter-trophic network have rarely been investigated. Here, we examined the effects of 8 years of multilevel N additions (i.e., 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 32 g N m−2 year−1) on inter-trophic interactions of soil microbial communities (i.e., protist–fungi, protist–prokaryote and fungi–prokaryote) in a Tibetan alpine steppe. Generally, there was a first increasing and then saturated trend of the complexity of inter-trophic networks along the N-addition gradient, which contrasts with the simplified or minimal response of intra-trophic network complexity reported previously. The intensified cross-trophic interactions were mainly explained by increased plant and litter biomass, which indicates that the N-induced increases in carbon supplies may have alleviated microbial energy limitations and thus resulted in more active metabolic processes, consequently stimulating various biotic interactions (e.g., predation, competition, and commensalism). Further, the enhanced inter-trophic network relationships were found to be associated with increased soil carbon and N mineralization processes. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of microbial cross-trophic interactions and indicate that they should be considered in predictions of ecosystem functioning under global N enrichment.
全球氮(N)富集正在改变微生物相互作用,这种相互作用可以用网络复杂性来表示。虽然许多研究已经探讨了N添加如何影响微生物营养内网络,但其对营养间网络的影响却很少被研究。本文研究了8年多水平N添加(即0、1、2、4、8、16、24和32 g N m−2年−1)对西藏高寒草原土壤微生物群落(即原生生物-真菌、原生生物-原核生物和真菌-原核生物)营养间相互作用的影响。总体上,营养间网络复杂性沿n +梯度呈先增加后饱和的趋势,与以往报道的营养间网络复杂性的简化或最小化响应形成对比。跨营养相互作用的加剧主要是由于植物和凋落物生物量的增加,这表明氮诱导的碳供应增加可能缓解了微生物的能量限制,从而导致更活跃的代谢过程,从而刺激了各种生物相互作用(如捕食、竞争和共生)。此外,营养网络关系的增强与土壤碳氮矿化过程的增加有关。总的来说,这些发现强调了微生物间营养相互作用的重要性,并表明在预测全球氮富集下的生态系统功能时应考虑它们。
期刊介绍:
Ecology publishes articles that report on the basic elements of ecological research. Emphasis is placed on concise, clear articles documenting important ecological phenomena. The journal publishes a broad array of research that includes a rapidly expanding envelope of subject matter, techniques, approaches, and concepts: paleoecology through present-day phenomena; evolutionary, population, physiological, community, and ecosystem ecology, as well as biogeochemistry; inclusive of descriptive, comparative, experimental, mathematical, statistical, and interdisciplinary approaches.