The burgeoning demand for efficient energy storage systems requires advancements in electrolyte materials, with particular emphasis on improving ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability. Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have emerged as promising options due to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics, including high ionic conductivity, low vapor pressure, and wide electrochemical windows. This analysis focuses on the integration of RTILs into polymeric matrices to create ionic liquid-based polymeric electrolytes (ILPEs), emphasizing their potential to revolutionize energy storage systems. The use of RTILs in polymeric electrolytes addresses critical drawbacks of traditional liquid and solid-state electrolytes, such as limited ionic conductivity and poor thermal stability. We describe the methods by which RTILs boost ionic transport within polymeric networks, thereby improving the overall performance of storage devices, using a comprehensive review of recent advances. This article seeks to encourage further research and innovation in energy storage materials by offering a comprehensive assessment of the current status and future possibilities of RTIL-based polymer electrolytes.